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Gaussian processes (GPs) are powerful probabilistic models that define flexible priors over functions, offering strong interpretability and uncertainty quantification. However, GP models often rely on simple, stationary kernels which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Nima Negarandeh , Carlos Mora , Ramin Bostanabad

Whilst deep neural networks have shown great empirical success, there is still much work to be done to understand their theoretical properties. In this paper, we study the relationship between random, wide, fully connected, feedforward…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-17 Alexander G. de G. Matthews , Mark Rowland , Jiri Hron , Richard E. Turner , Zoubin Ghahramani

Gaussian process regression is a widely-applied method for function approximation and uncertainty quantification. The technique has gained popularity recently in the machine learning community due to its robustness and interpretability. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-12 Marcus M. Noack , James A. Sethian

Gaussian processes are arguably the most important class of spatiotemporal models within machine learning. They encode prior information about the modeled function and can be used for exact or approximate Bayesian learning. In many…

Gaussian process is a theoretically appealing model for nonparametric analysis, but its computational cumbersomeness hinders its use in large scale and the existing reduced-rank solutions are usually heuristic. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-25 Leo L. Duan , Xia Wang , Rhonda D. Szczesniak

Probabilistic machine learning models are distinguished by their ability to integrate prior knowledge of noise statistics, smoothness parameters, and training data uncertainty. A common approach involves modeling data with Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-31 Cristian A. Galvis-Florez , Ahmad Farooq , Simo Särkkä

Gaussian processes are powerful, yet analytically tractable models for supervised learning. A Gaussian process is characterized by a mean function and a covariance function (kernel), which are determined by a model selection criterion. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-05 Benjamin Fischer , Nico Gorbach , Stefan Bauer , Yatao Bian , Joachim M. Buhmann

The high efficiency of a recently proposed method for computing with Gaussian processes relies on expanding a (translationally invariant) covariance kernel into complex exponentials, with frequencies lying on a Cartesian equispaced grid.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-19 Alex Barnett , Philip Greengard , Manas Rachh

In this paper, we study random subsampling of Gaussian process regression, one of the simplest approximation baselines, from a theoretical perspective. Although subsampling discards a large part of training data, we show provable guarantees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-29 Kohei Hayashi , Masaaki Imaizumi , Yuichi Yoshida

We consider the problem of detecting and quantifying the periodic component of a function given noise-corrupted observations of a limited number of input/output tuples. Our approach is based on Gaussian process regression which provides a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Nicolas Durrande , James Hensman , Magnus Rattray , Neil D. Lawrence

Gaussian processes have become a popular tool for nonparametric regression because of their flexibility and uncertainty quantification. However, they often use stationary kernels, which limit the expressiveness of the model and may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Zachary James , Joseph Guinness

This work brings together two powerful concepts in Gaussian processes: the variational approach to sparse approximation and the spectral representation of Gaussian processes. This gives rise to an approximation that inherits the benefits of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-09 James Hensman , Nicolas Durrande , Arno Solin

In this paper we propose a novel Bayesian solution for nonlinear regression in complex fields. Previous solutions for kernels methods usually assume a complexification approach, where the real-valued kernel is replaced by a complex-valued…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Rafael Boloix-Tortosa , Eva Arias-de-Reyna , F. Javier Payan-Somet , Juan J. Murillo-Fuentes

It is a consensus in signal processing that the Gaussian kernel and its partial derivatives enable the development of robust algorithms for feature detection. Fourier analysis and convolution theory have central role in such development. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Paulo Sérgio Silva Rodrigues , Gilson Antonio Giraldi

This article revisits the fundamental problem of parameter selection for Gaussian process interpolation. By choosing the mean and the covariance functions of a Gaussian process within parametric families, the user obtains a family of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-09 Sébastien Petit , Julien Bect , Paul Feliot , Emmanuel Vazquez

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide flexible distributions over functions, with inductive biases controlled by a kernel. However, in many applications Gaussian processes can struggle with even moderate input dimensionality. Learning a low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Ian A. Delbridge , David S. Bindel , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Deep Gaussian Processes learn probabilistic data representations for supervised learning by cascading multiple Gaussian Processes. While this model family promises flexible predictive distributions, exact inference is not tractable.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-23 Jakob Lindinger , David Reeb , Christoph Lippert , Barbara Rakitsch

We present a theoretically grounded Gaussian process framework that leverages neural feature maps to construct expressive kernels. We show that the learned feature map can be interpreted as an optimal low-rank approximation to a Gram matrix…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Anthony Stephenson

We introduce new Gaussian Process (GP) high-order approximations to linear operations that are frequently used in various numerical methods. Our method employs the kernel-based GP regression modeling, a non-parametric Bayesian approach to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Christopher DeGrendele , Dongwook Lee

The solution to a multivariate linear Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) with constant initial state is well known to be a Gaussian Markov process, but its covariance kernel involves the solution to an integral equation in the general…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-10 Kerry Fendick