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For the understanding of the origin and propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) we developed a new approach to simulating UHECRs from an arbitrary number of sources based on Monte Carlo technique. The method consists of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-02-15 Klaus Dolag , Martin Erdmann , Gero Müller , David Walz , Tobias Winchen

The study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) at Earth cannot prescind from the study of their propagation in the Universe. In this paper, we present HERMES, the \emph{ad hoc} Monte Carlo code we have developed for the realistic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-21 Manlio De Domenico

We discuss the intergalactic propagation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with energies E \geq 10^{18.5} eV. We consider the propagation of UHECRs under the influence of the energy-dependent deflection by a weak random magnetic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Abraham Achterberg , Yves A. Gallant , Colin A. Norman , Donald B. Melrose

The identification of ultra-high energy cosmic ray sources is one of the open challenges of high-energy astrophysics. As charged particles travel through the Universe, they are deflected by extragalactic magnetic fields and lose energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 Nadine Bourriche , Francesca Capel , Nicole Hartmann

We report the results of 3-D simulations of non-diffusive propagation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) (E > 10^{20} eV) through the intergalactic and extended halo media. We quantify the expected angular and temporal correlations…

Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) nuclei propagating in cosmological radiation backgrounds produce secondary particles detectable at Earth. SimProp is a one dimensional code for extragalactic propagation of UHECR nuclei, inspired by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-07-16 R. Aloisio , D. Boncioli , A. Di Matteo , A. F. Grillo , S. Petrera , F. Salamida

The origin, propagation, and mechanisms of acceleration of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are not yet well understood. Aiming for a better interpretation of the available experimental data, these data have to be confronted with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-18 Rafael Alves Batista , Peter Schiffer , Guenter Sigl

We propose a novel model to produce ultrahigh-energy cosmic-rays (UHECRs) in gamma-ray burst jets. After the prompt gamma-ray emission, hydrodynamical turbulence is excited in the GRB jets at or before the afterglow phase. The mildly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-03 Katsuaki Asano , Peter Meszaros

The existence of cosmic ray particles up to the ultra-high energy limit (> 10^20 eV) is now beyond any doubt. The detection of cosmic particles with such energies imposes a challenge for the comprehension of their sources and nature. On one…

The origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains an open question. Extragalactic magnetic fields can modify their propagation and, at sufficiently low energies, suppress the observed flux through the magnetic horizon (MH)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 Allegra Firinu , Franco Vazza , Carmelo Evoli

We introduce the new version of SimProp, a Monte Carlo code for simulating the propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in intergalactic space. This version, SimProp v2r4, together with an overall improvement of the code capabilities…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-01-03 Roberto Aloisio , Denise Boncioli , Armando di Matteo , Aurelio F. Grillo , Sergio Petrera , Francesco Salamida

The identification of potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains challenging due to magnetic deflections and propagation losses, which are particularly strong for nuclei. In previous iterations of this work, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-19 Keito Watanabe , Anatoli Fedynitch , Francesca Capel , Hiroyuki Sagawa

We present a method to correct for deflections of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in the galactic magnetic field. We perform these corrections by simulating the expected arrival directions of protons using a parameterization of the field…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-27 Martin Erdmann , Gero Mueller , Martin Urban

The origin and composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remain a mystery. The common lore is that UHECRs are deflected from their primary directions by the Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. Here we describe an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-20 Andres Aramburo Garcia , Kyrylo Bondarenko , Alexey Boyarsky , Dylan Nelson , Annalisa Pillepich , Anastasia Sokolenko

The origin of the ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) with energies above E > 1017eV, is still unknown. The discovery of their sources will reveal the engines of the most energetic astrophysical accelerators in the universe. This is a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-27 M. T. Dova

To answer the fundamental questions concerning the origin and nature of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), it is important to confront data with simulated astrophysical scenarios. These scenarios should include detailed information on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-12 R. Alves Batista , M. Erdmann , C. Evoli , K. -H. Kampert , D. Kuempel , G. Müller , G. Sigl , A. van Vliet , D. Walz , T. Winchen

(abridged) Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are extremely energetic charged particles with energies surpassing $10^{18}$ eV. Their sources remain elusive, obscured by deflections caused by the Galactic magnetic field (GMF). This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-02 Alexandros Tsouros , Abhijit B. Bendre , Gordian Edenhofer , Torsten Enßlin , Philipp Frank , Michalis Mastorakis , Vasiliki Pavlidou

To understand the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs, defined to be above 10^18 eV), it is required to model in a realistic way their propagation in the Universe. UHECRs can interact with low energy radio, microwave, infrared…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 E. Armengaud , G. Sigl , T. Beau , F. Miniati

We present numerical simulations on propagation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) above $10^{19}$ eV in a structured extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF) and simulate their arrival distributions at the earth. We use the IRAS PSCz…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hajime Takami , Hiroyuki Yoshiguchi , Katsuhiko Sato

We construct a map of deflections of ultra-high energy cosmic rays by extragalactic magnetic fields using a magneto-hydrodynamical simulation of cosmic structure formation that realistically reproduces the positions of known galaxy clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Klaus Dolag , Dario Grasso , Volker Springel , Igor Tkachev
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