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This contribution presents a theoretical overview of hydrodynamic modelling of heavy-ion collisions, with highlights on some recent developments. In particular, the formulation of anisotropic hydrodynamics, the role of hydrodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-03-14 Li Yan

In ultra-central heavy-ion collisions, anisotropic hydrodynamic flow is generated by density fluctuations in the initial state rather than by geometric overlap effects. For a given centrality class, the initial fluctuation spectrum is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-07-15 Chun Shen , Zhi Qiu , Ulrich Heinz

We consider dissipative phenomena due to the relaxation of an initial anisotropic local pressure in the fireball created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, both for the Bjorken boost-invariant case and for the azimuthally symmetric…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Piotr Bozek

Motivated by forthcoming experiments at RHIC and LHC, we study event-by-event fluctuations in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions in participant nucleon as well as thermal models. The calculated physical observables, including…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Baym , H. Heiselberg

Event-by-event fluctuations of the mean transverse momentum (mean-$p_T$) provide a sensitive probe of collective dynamics beyond single-particle spectra and anisotropic flow. We present a systematic study of mean-$p_T$ fluctuation…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-04 Lipei Du

We demonstrate that a new type of analysis in heavy-ion collisions, based on an event-by-event analysis of the transverse momentum distribution, allows us to obtain information on secondary interactions and collective behaviour that is not…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Marek Gazdzicki , Andrei Leonidov , Gunther Roland

We show effects of the event-by-event fluctuation of the initial conditions (IC) in hydrodynamic description of high-energy nuclear collisions on some observables. Such IC produce not only fluctuations in observables but, due to their bumpy…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-04-24 Y. Hama , R. P. G. Andrade , F. Grassi , W. -L. Qian , T. Kodama

Event-by-event mean transverse momentum fluctuations ($\langle p_\mathrm{T}\rangle$) serve as a sensitive probe of initial state overlap geometry and energy density fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We present a systematic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-02-14 Liuyao Zhang , Jinhui Chen , Chunjian Zhang

A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-01-22 V. Yu. Naboka , S. V. Akkelin , Iu. A. Karpenko , Yu. M. Sinyukov

The presence of large event-by-event flow fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC provides an opportunity to study a broad class of flow observables. This paper explores the correlations among harmonic flow coefficients…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-09-12 Peng Huo , Jiangyong Jia , Soumya Mohapatra

We demonstrate that measurements of rapidity differential anisotropic flow in heavy ion collisions can constrain the temperature dependence of the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio {\eta}/s of QCD matter. Comparing results from…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-06-01 Gabriel Denicol , Akihiko Monnai , Bjoern Schenke

We present measurements of elliptic flow and event-by-event fluctuations established by the PHOBOS experiment. Elliptic flow scaled by participant eccentricity is found to be similar for both systems when collisions with the same number of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Rachid Nouicer

Fluid dynamical models preceded the first heavy ion accelerator experiments, and led to the main trend of this research since then. In recent years fluid dynamical processes became a dominant direction of research in high energy heavy ion…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-03-13 L. P. Csernai , H. Stoecker

We study the longitudinal decorrelations of elliptic, triangular and quadrangular flows in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC energies. The event-by-event CLVisc (3+1)-dimensional hydrodynamics model, combined with the fully…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Xiang-Yu Wu , Long-Gang Pang , Guang-You Qin , Xin-Nian Wang

The highest LHC energies give rise to production of many pairs of hard partons which deposit four-momentum into the expanding fireball matter. We argue that it is necessary to include momentum deposition during fireball evolution into 3+1…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Martin Schulc , Boris Tomasik

The expansion of the fireball created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is described using the 3+1D hydrodynamical model. Experimentally observed transverse momentum spectra at different rapdities, elliptic flow and HBT correlations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 Piotr Bozek , Iwona Wyskiel

Flow coefficients v_n for n = 2, 3, 4, characterizing the anisotropic collective flow in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV, are measured relative to event planes \Psi_n determined at large rapidity. We report v_n as a function of…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-11-12 A. Adare , S. Afanasiev , C. Aidala , N. N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , H. Al-Bataineh , J. Alexander , K. Aoki , Y. Aramaki , E. T. Atomssa , R. Averbeck , T. C. Awes , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , M. Bai , G. Baksay , L. Baksay , K. N. Barish , B. Bassalleck , A. T. Basye , S. Bathe , V. Baublis , C. Baumann , A. Bazilevsky , S. Belikov , R. Belmont , R. Bennett , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , A. A. Bickley , J. S. Bok , K. Boyle , M. L. Brooks , H. Buesching , V. Bumazhnov , G. Bunce , S. Butsyk , C. M. Camacho , S. Campbell , C. -H. Chen , C. Y. Chi , M. Chiu , I. J. Choi , R. K. Choudhury , P. Christiansen , T. Chujo , P. Chung , O. Chvala , V. Cianciolo , Z. Citron , B. A. Cole , M. Connors , P. Constantin , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , T. Dahms , S. Dairaku , I. Danchev , K. Das , A. Datta , G. David , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , O. Dietzsch , A. Dion , M. Donadelli , O. Drapier , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , D. Dutta , S. Edwards , Y. V. Efremenko , F. Ellinghaus , T. Engelmore , A. Enokizono , H. En'yo , S. Esumi , B. Fadem , D. E. Fields , M. Finger , M. Finger, , F. Fleuret , S. L. Fokin , Z. Fraenkel , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , K. Fujiwara , Y. Fukao , T. Fusayasu , I. Garishvili , A. Glenn , H. Gong , M. Gonin , Y. Goto , R. Granier de Cassagnac , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , T. Gunji , H. -Å. Gustafsson , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , J. Hamblen , R. Han , J. Hanks , E. P. Hartouni , E. Haslum , R. Hayano , X. He , M. Heffner , T. K. Hemmick , T. Hester , J. C. Hill , M. Hohlmann , W. Holzmann , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Horaguchi , D. Hornback , S. Huang , T. Ichihara , R. Ichimiya , J. Ide , Y. Ikeda , K. Imai , M. Inaba , D. Isenhower , M. Ishihara , T. Isobe , M. Issah , A. Isupov , D. Ivanischev , B. V. Jacak , J. Jia , J. Jin , B. M. Johnson , K. S. Joo , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , F. Kajihara , S. Kametani , N. Kamihara , J. Kamin , J. H. Kang , J. Kapustinsky , K. Karatsu , D. Kawall , M. Kawashima , A. V. Kazantsev , T. Kempel , A. Khanzadeev , K. M. Kijima , B. I. Kim , D. H. Kim , D. J. Kim , E. Kim , E. J. Kim , S. H. Kim , Y. J. Kim , E. Kinney , K. Kiriluk , Á. Kiss , E. Kistenev , L. Kochenda , B. Komkov , M. Konno , J. Koster , D. Kotchetkov , A. Kozlov , A. Král , A. Kravitz , G. J. Kunde , K. Kurita , M. Kurosawa , Y. Kwon , G. S. Kyle , R. Lacey , Y. S. Lai , J. G. Lajoie , A. Lebedev , D. M. Lee , J. Lee , K. Lee , K. B. Lee , K. S. Lee , M. J. Leitch , M. A. L. Leite , E. Leitner , B. Lenzi , X. Li , P. Liebing , L. A. Linden Levy , T. Liška , A. Litvinenko , H. Liu , M. X. Liu , B. Love , R. Luechtenborg , D. Lynch , C. F. Maguire , Y. I. Makdisi , A. Malakhov , M. D. Malik , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , Y. Mao , H. Masui , F. Matathias , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , N. Means , B. Meredith , Y. Miake , A. C. Mignerey , P. Mikeš , K. Miki , A. Milov , M. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , A. K. Mohanty , Y. Morino , A. Morreale , D. P. Morrison , T. V. Moukhanova , J. Murata , S. Nagamiya , J. L. Nagle , M. Naglis , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , Y. Nakamiya , T. Nakamura , K. Nakano , J. Newby , M. Nguyen , R. Nouicer , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , S. X. Oda , C. A. Ogilvie , M. Oka , K. Okada , Y. Onuki , A. Oskarsson , M. Ouchida , K. Ozawa , R. Pak , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , I. H. Park , J. Park , S. K. Park , W. J. Park , S. F. Pate , H. Pei , J. -C. Peng , H. Pereira , V. Peresedov , D. Yu. Peressounko , C. Pinkenburg , R. P. Pisani , M. Proissl , M. L. Purschke , A. K. Purwar , H. Qu , J. Rak , A. Rakotozafindrabe , I. Ravinovich , K. F. Read , K. Reygers , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , E. Richardson , D. Roach , G. Roche , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , C. A. Rosen , S. S. E. Rosendahl , P. Rosnet , P. Rukoyatkin , P. Ružička , B. Sahlmueller , N. Saito , T. Sakaguchi , K. Sakashita , V. Samsonov , S. Sano , T. Sato , S. Sawada , K. Sedgwick , J. Seele , R. Seidl , A. Yu. Semenov , R. Seto , D. Sharma , I. Shein , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , K. Shoji , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , C. Silvestre , K. S. Sim , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Slunečka , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , N. A. Sparks , P. W. Stankus , E. Stenlund , S. P. Stoll , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , J. Sziklai , E. M. Takagui , A. Taketani , R. Tanabe , Y. Tanaka , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , A. Taranenko , P. Tarján , H. Themann , T. L. Thomas , M. Togawa , A. Toia , L. Tomášek , H. Torii , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , Y. Tsuchimoto , C. Vale , H. Valle , H. W. van Hecke , E. Vazquez-Zambrano , A. Veicht , J. Velkovska , R. Vértesi , A. A. Vinogradov , M. Virius , V. Vrba , E. Vznuzdaev , X. R. Wang , D. Watanabe , K. Watanabe , Y. Watanabe , F. Wei , R. Wei , J. Wessels , S. N. White , D. Winter , J. P. Wood , C. L. Woody , R. M. Wright , M. Wysocki , W. Xie , Y. L. Yamaguchi , K. Yamaura , R. Yang , A. Yanovich , J. Ying , S. Yokkaichi , Z. You , G. R. Young , I. Younus , I. E. Yushmanov , W. A. Zajc , C. Zhang , S. Zhou , L. Zolin

Recent collective flow measurements including higher moment event anisotropy from the PHENIX experiment are presented, and the particle type, beam energy dependence and the relation with jet modification are discussed. The measured higher…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 ShinIchi Esumi

Event-by-event hydrodynamics is applied to Cu-Au collisions at 200GeV. Predictions for charged particle distributions in pseudorapidity, transverse momentum spectra, femtoscopy radii are given. The triangular and elliptic flow coefficients…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2012-10-09 Piotr Bozek

Motivated by forthcoming experiments at RHIC and LHC, and results from SPS, a review is given of the present state of event-by-event fluctuations in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Fluctuations in particle multiplicities, ratios,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Heiselberg