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The evolution of main sequence binaries that reside in the Galactic Centre can be heavily influenced by the central supermassive black hole (SMBH). Due to these perturbative effects, the stellar binaries in dense environments are likely to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-18 Yi-Han Wang , Nathan Leigh , Ye-Fei Yuan , Rosalba Perna

We present the result of $N$-body simulations of dynamical evolution of triple massive blackhole (BH) systems in galactic nuclei. We found that in most cases two of the three BHs merge through gravitational wave (GW) radiation in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Masaki Iwasawa , Yoko Funato , Junichiro Makino

We investigate a hierarchical structure formation scenario in which galaxy stellar cores are created from the binding energy liberated by shrinking supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries. The binary orbital decay heats the surrounding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marta Volonteri , Piero Madau , Francesco Haardt

The hierarchical galaxy formation picture suggests that super massive black holes (MBHs) observed in galactic nuclei today have grown from coalescence of massive black hole binaries (MBHB) after galaxy merging. Once the components of a MBHB…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-04-13 Long Wang , Peter Berczik , Rainer Spurzem , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are observed in diverse galaxy populations across time yet a clear understanding of how they coevolve with their hosts has not been reached. Physically-motivated models of SMBH accretion and feedback vary…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-11-14 Bryan A. Terrazas , James Aird , Alison L. Coil

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) reside at the center of every massive galaxy in the local Universe with masses that closely correlate with observations of their host galaxy implying a connected evolutionary history. The population of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-06 Joseph Simon

(Abridged) We review the results of the first multi-scale, hydrodynamical simulations of mergers between galaxies with central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) to investigate the formation of SMBH binaries in galactic nuclei. We demonstrate…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-23 Lucio Mayer , Stelios Kazantzidis , Andres Escala

Recent James Webb Space Telescope observations have revealed a peculiar class of galaxies at redshifts $z \gtrsim 6$, characterized by extremely high central stellar densities and overmassive central supermassive black holes (SMBHs),…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-09 Fazeel Mahmood Khan , Benjamin L. Davis , Andrea Valerio Macciò , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann

In this paper, the second in a series of two, we justify two important assumptions on which the result is based that in course of a galaxy merger the slingshot ejection of bound stars is sufficiently efficient to allow a supermassive black…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Christian Zier

We study the evolution of a massive black hole pair in a rotationally supported nuclear disc. The distributions of stars and gas mimic the nuclear region of a gas-rich galaxy merger remnant. Using high-resolution SPH simulations, we follow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-24 M. Dotti , M. Colpi , F. Haardt , L. Mayer

Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are found in most galactic nuclei. A significant fraction of these nuclei also contain a nuclear stellar cluster (NSC) surrounding the SMBH. In this paper, we consider the idea that the NSC forms first, from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-27 Abbas Askar , Melvyn B. Davies , Ross P. Church

We derive the mass function of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) over the redshift range 0<z<2, using the latest deep luminosity and mass functions of field galaxies. Applying this mass function, combined with the bolometric luminosity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Yan-Rong Li , Jian-Min Wang , Luis C. Ho

We study the long-term evolution of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) at the centers of galaxies using detailed scattering experiments to solve the full three-body problem. Ambient stars drawn from a isotropic Maxwellian distribution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 A. Sesana , F. Haardt , P. Madau

There is significant observational evidence that a large fraction of galactic centers, including those in the Milky Way and M31, host a supermassive black hole (SMBH) embedded in a triaxial nuclear star cluster. In this work, we study the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-06 Mathew W. Bub , Cristobal Petrovich

Using highly-accurate $N$-body simulations, we explore the evolution of multiple massive black holes (hereafter, MBHs) in a primordial galaxy that is composed of stars and MBHs. The evolution is pursed with a fourth-order Hermite scheme,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Ataru Tanikawa , Masayuki Umemura

The hierarchical nature of galaxy formation in the $\Lambda$CDM framework often leads to multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the galactic nuclei. The timescale over which galaxies merge, plays a crucial role in shaping the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-27 Navonil Saha , Peter Berczik , Andreas Just , Margarita Sobolenko

In low-metallicity environments, massive stars might avoid supernova explosion and directly collapse, forming massive (~25-80 solar masses) stellar black holes (MSBHs), at the end of their life. MSBHs, when hosted in young massive clusters,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 M. Mapelli , E. Ripamonti , L. Zampieri , M. Colpi

(abridged) We consider a secular orbital evolution of a supermassive binary black hole (SBBH) with unequal masses $M_p$ and $M_s < M_p$ in a central part of a non-spherical nuclear star cluster (NSC). When the mass of NSC inside the orbit…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-17 Pavel B. Ivanov , Alexander G. Polnarev

We consider the evolution of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) surrounded by a retrograde accretion disk. Assuming the disk is exactly in the binary plane and transfers energy and angular momentum to the binary via direct gas…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Jeremy D. Schnittman , Julian H. Krolik

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries are expected in a Lambda CDM cosmology given that most (if not all) massive galaxies contain a massive black hole at their center. So far, however, direct evidence for such binaries has been elusive.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Wenhua Ju , Jenny E. Greene , Roman R. Rafikov , Steven J. Bickerton , Carles Badenes
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