Related papers: Short lists with short programs in short time - a …

A $c$-short program for a string $x$ is a description of $x$ of length at most $C(x) + c$, where $C(x)$ is the Kolmogorov complexity of $x$. We show that there exists a randomized algorithm that constructs a list of $n$ elements that…

Given a machine $U$, a $c$-short program for $x$ is a string $p$ such that $U(p)=x$ and the length of $p$ is bounded by $c$ + (the length of a shortest program for $x$). We show that for any standard Turing machine, it is possible to…

Is it possible to find a shortest description for a binary string? The well-known answer is "no, Kolmogorov complexity is not computable." Faced with this barrier, one might instead seek a short list of candidates which includes a laconic…

We study complexity of short sentences in Presburger arithmetic (Short-PA). Here by "short" we mean sentences with a bounded number of variables, quantifiers, inequalities and Boolean operations; the input consists only of the integers…

Muchnik's theorem about simple conditional descriptions states that for all strings $a$ and $b$ there exists a short program $p$ transforming $a$ to $b$ that has the least possible length and is simple conditional on $b$. In this paper we…

It is impossible to effectively modify a string in order to increase its Kolmogorov complexity. But is it possible to construct a few strings, not longer than the input string, so that most of them have larger complexity? We show that the…

Muchnik's theorem about simple conditional descriprion states that for all words $a$ and $b$ there exists a short program $p$ transforming $a$ to $b$ that has the least possible length and is simple conditional on $b$. This paper presents a…

It is shown that from two strings that are partially random and independent (in the sense of Kolmogorov complexity) it is possible to effectively construct polynomially many strings that are random and pairwise independent. If the two…

Short integer linear programs are programs with a relatively small number of constraints. We show how recent improvements on the running-times of solvers for such programs can be used to obtain fast pseudo-polynomial time algorithms for…

In this note, we give short inductive proofs of two known results on $k$-extendible graphs based on a property proved in [Qinglin Yu, A note on $n$-extendable graphs. Journal of Graph Theory, 16:349-353, 1992].

We describe constructions of extended formulations that establish a certain relaxed version of the Hirsch conjecture and prove that if there is a pivot rule for the simplex algorithm for which one can bound the number of steps by a…

Arising from: Mankowitz, D.J., Michi, A., Zhernov, A. et al. Faster sorting algorithms discovered using deep reinforcement learning.Nature 618, 257-263 (2023). doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06004-9. The article cited above presents new…

We show that for those lattices of Voronoi's first kind, a vector of shortest nonzero Euclidean length can computed in polynomial time by computing a minimum cut in a graph.

In this article, I provide significant mathematical evidence in support of the existence of short-time approximations of any polynomial order for the computation of density matrices of physical systems described by arbitrarily smooth and…

We investigate weakly constrained codes, in which specific patterns occur with prescribed frequencies rather than being strictly forbidden as in conventional constrained coding. We propose a capacity-achieving construction of a weakly…

We show that for any polynomial $f$ from the integers to the integers, with positive leading coefficient and irreducible over the rationals, if $x$ is large enough then there is a string of $(\log x)(\log\log x)^{1/835}$ consecutive…

In this paper, we will show that the width of simplices defined by systems of linear inequalities can be computed in polynomial time if some minors of their constraint matrices are bounded. Additionally, we present some…

A 1976 theorem of Chaitin can be used to show that arbitrarily dense sets of lengths n have a paucity of trivial strings (only a bounded number of strings of length n having trivially low plain Kolmogorov complexities). We use the…

Let $\{\phi_p\}$ be an optimal G\"odel numbering of the family of computable functions (in Schnorr's sense), where $p$ ranges over binary strings. Assume that a list of strings $L(p)$ is computable from $p$ and for all $p$ contains a…

In 2010, A. Shpilka and I. Volkovich established a prominent result on the equivalence of polynomial factorization and identity testing. It follows from their result that a multilinear polynomial over the finite field of order 2 can be…