Related papers: The Neutron Star Zoo
Magnetic fields represent a crucial aspect of the physics and astrophysics of neutron stars. Despite its great relevance, the internal magnetic field configuration of neutron stars is very poorly constrained by the observations, and…
The main stages in the evolution of a neutron star, from its birth as a proto-neutron star, to its old age as a cold, catalyzed configuration, are described. A proto-neutron star is formed in the aftermath of a successful supernova…
Old neutron stars (ONSs) which have radiated away their internal and rotational energy may still shine if accreting the interstellar medium. Rather stringent limits from the analysis of ROSAT surveys indicate that most optimistic…
Observations indicate that magnetic fields on neutron stars span at least the range $10^{8-15}$ G, corresponding to a range of magnetic fluxes similar to that found in white dwarfs and main sequence stars. The observational evidence is…
Magnetars are a subclass of neutron stars whose intense soft-gamma-ray bursts and quiescent X-ray emission are believed to be powered by the decay of a strong internal magnetic field. We reanalyze neutrino emission in such stars in the…
Massless neutrino exchange leads to a new long-range force between matter. Recently, it was claimed both that the potential energy due to this interaction i) dominates the total energy of neutron stars and ii) that it is zero. We…
Neutron stars are the endpoint of the life of intermediate mass stars and posses in their cores matter in the most extreme conditions in the universe. Besides their extremes of temperature (found in proto-neutron stars) and densities,…
The hydrogen and helium accreted by X-ray bursting neutron stars is periodically consumed in runaway thermonuclear reactions that cause the entire surface to glow brightly in X-rays for a few seconds. With models of the emission, the mass…
The existence of a large number of asymmetric, rotating neutron stars, each individually emitting periodic or quasi-periodic gravitational waves in the frequency band around 100 Hz, raises the possibility of detecting their combined…
Well before the radio discovery of pulsars offered the first observational confirmation for their existence (Hewish et al., 1968), it had been suggested that neutron stars might be endowed with very strong magnetic fields of…
The mass distribution of neutron stars encodes information about their formation and binary evolution. We compare the masses of two distinct populations: I) the recently identified Gaia neutron stars in wide orbits with solar-like…
Even the elusive neutrinos are trapped in matter, albeit transiently, in several astrophysical circumstances. Their interactions with the ambient matter not only reveal the properties of such exotic matter itself, but also shed light on the…
The electromagnetic properties of neutrinos have attracted considerable attention from researchers for many decades (see [1] for a review). However, until recently, there was no indication in favour of nonzero electromagnetic properties of…
Various theoretical arguments motivate an expectation of a phase transition in matter at extreme densities above nuclear density, accompanied by hopes that gravitational wave observations may reveal the properties of such a transition.…
Cosmological observations are a powerful probe of neutrino properties, and in particular of their mass. In this review, we first discuss the role of neutrinos in shaping the cosmological evolution at both the background and perturbation…
The intense magnetic fields present in neutron stars are closely linked to their observed temperature and spectral characteristics, timing properties, including spin period and its derivatives. Therefore, a comprehensive theoretical…
With Teragauss magnetic fields, surface gravity sufficiently strong to significantly modify light paths, central densities higher than that of a standard nucleus, and rotation periods of only hundredths of a second, young neutron stars are…
I review attempts made to determine the properties of neutron stars. I focus on constraints on the maximum mass that a neutron star can have, and on attempts to measure neutron-star radii. So far, there appears to be only one neutron star…
Neutron stars are versatile in their application to studying various important aspects of fundamental physics, in particular strong-field gravity tests and the equation of state for super-dense nuclear matter at low temperatures. However,…
Up-to-now known characteristics of radio pulsars, such as mass limits, magnetic field intensity, rotational period, and maximum radiation are mainly of empirical nature. Applying the Expansive Nondecelerative Universe model (ENU) into the…