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We argue about the following concepts:(i)introduction of endo and exo-observer of a physical system (ii) possible relation between endo, exo-observer and continuum/discrete nature of the same system (iii)the distinction about two categories…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David Vernette , Michele Caponigro

We present a formulation of the decoherent (or consistent) histories quantum theory of closed systems starting with records of what histories happen. Alternative routes to a formulation of quantum theory like this one can be useful both for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 James B. Hartle

For a fixed set $X$, an arbitrary \textit{weight structure} $d \in [0,\infty]^{X \times X}$ can be interpreted as a distance assignment between pairs of points on $X$. Restrictions (i.e. \textit{metric axioms}) on the behaviour of any such…

General Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Jorge Bruno , Ittay Weiss

Moment closure methods appear in myriad scientific disciplines in the modelling of complex systems. The goal is to achieve a closed form of a large, usually even infinite, set of coupled differential (or difference) equations. Each equation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-24 Christian Kuehn

We study equilibrium configurations of infinitely many identical particles on the real line or finitely many particles on the circle, such that the (repelling) force they exert on each other depends only on their distance. The main question…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-04-11 Agelos Georgakopoulos , Mihail N. Kolountzakis

In spite of its long history and classical character which goes back even to d'Alembert and Lagrange, the problems of constraints in mechanics of continua is still mysterious and full of misunderstandings. Let us mention the problem of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-02-18 Jan Jerzy Sławianowski

Quantum Darwinism recognizes that decoherence imprints redundant records of preferred quasi-classical pointer states on the environment. These redundant records are then accessed by observers. We show how redundancy enables and even implies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Akram Touil , Bin Yan , Wojciech H. Zurek

In light of G\"{o}del's undecidability results (incomplete theorems) for math, quantum indeterminism indicates that physics and the Universe may be indeterministic, incomplete, and open in nature, and therefore demand no single unification…

General Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Wanpeng Tan

The concept of complexity appears in virtually all areas of knowledge. Its intuitive meaning shares similarities across fields, but disagreements between its details hinders a general definition, leading to a plethora of proposed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-04 Roberto C. Alamino

Based on the intuitive notion of convexity, we formulate a universal property defining interval objects in a category with finite products. Interval objects are structures corresponding to closed intervals of the real line, but their…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Martin Escardo , Alex Simpson

This work presents parallel histories of the development of two modern theories of condensed matter: the theory of electron structure in quantum mechanics, and the theory of liquid structure in statistical mechanics. Comparison shows that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-15 David M. Rogers

Many theorems of mathematics have the form that for a certain problem, e.g. a differential equation or polynomial (in)equality, there exists a solution. The sequential version then states that for a sequence of problems, there is a sequence…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-21 Dag Normann , Sam Sanders

The axiomatic foundations of Bentham and Rawls solutions are discussed within the broader domain of cardinal preferences. It is unveiled that both solution concepts share all four of the following axioms: Nonemptiness, Anonymity, Unanimity,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-10-10 Stéphane Gonzalez , Nikolaos Pnevmatikos

Our assumption that spacetime is a continuum leads to many challenges in mathematical physics. Singularities, divergent integrals and the like threaten many of our favorite theories, from Newtonian gravity to classical electrodynamics,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-02-04 John C. Baez

We review and develop the classical theory of moments of configurations of weighted points with a focus on systems with an identically vanishing first moment. The latter condition produces equations for equilibrium configurations of systems…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Eduardo S. G. Leandro

We combine several folklore observations to provide a working framework for iterating constructions which contradict the axiom of choice. We use this to define a model in which any kind of structural failure must fail with a proper class of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-07-26 Asaf Karagila

Cut-elimination is the bedrock of proof theory. It is the algorithm that eliminates cuts from a sequent calculus proof that leads to cut-free calculi and applications. Cut-elimination applies to many logics irrespective of their semantics.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Agata Ciabattoni , Timo Lang , Revantha Ramanayake

The paper studies a cluster of systems for fully disquotational truth based on the restriction of initial sequents. Unlike well-known alternative approaches, such systems display both a simple and intuitive model theory and remarkable…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Carlo Nicolai

This paper is a continuation of work started in \cite{njampavcont} on preserving continuity in ideal topological spaces. We will deal with $\theta$-continuity and weak continuity and give their translations in ideal topological spaces. As…

General Topology · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Anika Njamcul , Aleksandar Pavlović

New lower bounds involving sum, difference, product, and ratio sets for a set $A\subset \C$ are given. The estimates involving the sum set match, up to constants, the one obtained by Solymosi for the reals and are obtained by generalising…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Sergei V. Konyagin , Misha Rudnev