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In this paper we give an overview of the quantum computational complexity class QMA and a description of known QMA-complete problems to date. Such problems are believed to be difficult to solve, even with a quantum computer, but have the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-29 Adam D. Bookatz

I describe one quantum approach to solving 3-satisfiability (3-SAT), the well known problem in computer science. The approach is based on repeatedly measuring the truth value of the clauses forming the 3-SAT proposition using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-03 Simon Benjamin

The k-local Hamiltonian problem is a natural complete problem for the complexity class QMA, the quantum analog of NP. It is similar in spirit to MAX-k-SAT, which is NP-complete for k<=2. It was known that the problem is QMA-complete for any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julia Kempe , Alexei Kitaev , Oded Regev

When solving propositional logic satisfiability (specifically 3SAT) using quantum annealing, we analyze the effect the difficulty of different instances of the problem has on the quality of the answer returned by the quantum annealer. A…

QMA and QCMA are possible quantum analogues of the complexity class NP. In QCMA the verifier is a quantum program and the proof is classical. In contrast, in QMA the proof is also a quantum state. We show that two known QMA-complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Wocjan , Dominik Janzing , Thomas Beth

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most prominent proposed applications for near-term quantum computing. Here we study the ability of QAOA to solve hard constraint satisfaction problems, as opposed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-16 Sami Boulebnane , Ashley Montanaro

A previously developed quantum search algorithm for solving 1-SAT problems in a single step is generalized to apply to a range of highly constrained k-SAT problems. We identify a bound on the number of clauses in satisfiability problems for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 T. Hogg

The constraint satisfaction probem (CSP) is a well-acknowledged framework in which many combinatorial search problems can be naturally formulated. The CSP may be viewed as the problem of deciding the truth of a logical sentence consisting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hubie Chen

We report a cluster of results regarding the difficulty of finding approximate ground states to typical instances of the quantum satisfiability problem $k$-QSAT on large random graphs. As an approximation strategy, we optimize the solution…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-06-27 B. Hsu , C. R. Laumann , A. Laeuchli , R. Moessner , S. L. Sondhi

Going as far as possible at SAT problem solving is the main aim of our work. For this sake we have made use of quantum computing from its two, on practice, main models of computation. They have required some reformulations over the former…

The satisfiability problem is NP-complete but there are subclasses where all the instances are satisfiable. For this, restrictions on the shape of the formula are made. Darman and D\"ocker show that the subclass MONOTONE $3$-SAT-($k$,1)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Hannah Van Santvliet , Ronald de Haan

We describe Kitaev's result from 1999, in which he defines the complexity class QMA, the quantum analog of the class NP, and shows that a natural extension of 3-SAT, namely local Hamiltonians, is QMA complete. The result builds upon the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Tomer Naveh

A canonical result about satisfiability theory is that the 2-SAT problem can be solved in linear time, despite the NP-hardness of the 3-SAT problem. In the quantum 2-SAT problem, we are given a family of 2-qubit projectors $\Pi_{ij}$ on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Itai Arad , Miklos Santha , Aarthi Sundaram , Shengyu Zhang

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a propositional logic problem of determining whether an assignment of variables satisfies a Boolean formula. Many combinatorial optimization problems can be formulated in Boolean SAT logic -- either as k-SAT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Robert Simon Fong , Yanming Song , Alexander Yosifov

Quantum computers have the potential of solving problems more efficiently than classical computers. While first commercial prototypes have become available, the performance of such machines in practical application is still subject to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Tom Krüger , Wolfgang Mauerer

Constraint satisfaction problems are a central pillar of modern computational complexity theory. This survey provides an introduction to the rapidly growing field of Quantum Hamiltonian Complexity, which includes the study of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Sevag Gharibian , Yichen Huang , Zeph Landau , Seung Woo Shin

Boolean satisfiability [1] (k-SAT) is one of the most studied optimization problems, as an efficient (that is, polynomial-time) solution to k-SAT (for $k\geq 3$) implies efficient solutions to a large number of hard optimization problems…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-08-03 Maria Ercsey-Ravasz , Zoltan Toroczkai

In this paper we show that the performance of the quantum adiabatic algorithm is determined by phase transitions in underlying problem in the presence of transverse magnetic field $\Gamma$. We show that the quantum version of random…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Knysh , V. N. Smelyanskiy

The Quantum k-SAT problem is the quantum generalization of the k-SAT problem. It is the problem whether a given local Hamiltonian is frustration-free. Frustration-free means that the ground state of the k-local Hamiltonian minimizes the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Simon-Luca Kremer , Dorian Rudolph , Sevag Gharibian

In this paper we detail a classical algorithmic approach to the k-satisfiability (k-SAT) problem that is inspired by the quantum amplitude amplification algorithm. This work falls under the emerging field of quantum-inspired classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 S. Andrew Lanham , Brian R. La Cour