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We derived the coronal magnetic field, plasma density, and temperature from the observation of polarization and intensity of radio thermal free-free emission using the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV)…

Context: This paper presents a method which can be used to calculate models of the global solar corona from observational data. Aims: We present an optimization method for computing nonlinear magnetohydrostatic equilibria in spherical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 T. Wiegelmann , T. Neukirch , P. Ruan , B. Inhester

Magnetic field in the solar lower atmosphere can be measured by the use of the Zeeman and Hanle effects. In contrast, the coronal magnetic field well above the solar surface, which directly controls various eruptive phenomena, can not be…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-05 P. F. Chen

Measuring the global magnetic field of the solar corona remains exceptionally challenging. The fine-scale density structures observed in white light images taken during Total Solar Eclipses (TSEs) are currently the best proxy for inferring…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Benjamin Boe , Shadia Habbal , Miloslav Druckmuller

The distribution of magnetic flux across the solar photosphere results in a complex web of coronal magnetic field structures. To understand this complexity, the magnetic skeleton of the coronal field can be calculated. The skeleton…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-23 Sarah J. Platten , Clare E. Parnell , Andrew L. Haynes , Eric R. Priest , Duncan H. Mackay

Magnetic fields in the upper atmospheres of solar-like stars are believed to provide an enormous amount of energy to power the hot coronae and drive large-scale eruptions that could impact the habitability of planetary systems around these…

Routine ultraviolet imaging of the Sun's upper atmosphere shows the spectacular manifestation of solar activity; yet we remain blind to its main driver, the magnetic field. Here we report unprecedented spectropolarimetric observations of an…

Observations suggest a power-law relation between the coronal emission in X-rays, $L_{\rm{X}}$, and the total (unsigned) magnetic flux at the stellar surface, $\Phi$. The physics basis for this relation is poorly understood. We use…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-04 J. Zhuleku , J. Warnecke , H. Peter

Solar flare simulations are commonly initialised using non-linear force free field (NLFF) extrapolations derived from photospheric vector magnetograms. However, the force free assumption neglects plasma forces and may limit the available…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-15 W. Bate , M. Gordovskyy , A. Prasad , A. S. Brun , A. Strugarek , M. V. Sieyra , P. Browning , S. Inoue , K. Matsumoto , A. Roddanavar

We present a new global model of the solar corona, including the low corona, the transition region and the top of chromosphere. The realistic 3D magnetic field is simulated using the data from the photospheric magnetic field measurements.…

We investigate the change in stellar magnetic topology across the fully-convective boundary and its effects on coronal properties. We consider both the magnitude of the open flux that influences angular momentum loss in the stellar wind and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-11 Pauline Lang , Moira Jardine , Jean-Francois Donati , Julien Morin , Aline Vidotto

Current models of the solar wind must approximate (or ignore) the small-scale dynamics within the solar atmosphere, however these are likely important in shaping the emerging wave-turbulence spectrum and ultimately heating/accelerating the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-28 Adam J. Finley , Sacha A. Brun , Mats Carlsson , Mikolaj Szydlarski , Viggo Hansteen , Munehito Shoda

Non-linear force-free fields are the most general case of force-free fields, but the hardest to model as well. There are numerous methods of computing such fields by extrapolating vector magnetograms from the photosphere, but very few…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-29 A. Malanushenko , D. W. Longcope , D. E. McKenzie

The nanoflare paradigm of coronal heating has proven extremely promising for explaining the presence of hot, multi-million degree loops in the solar corona. In this paradigm, localized heating events supply enough energy to heat the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Kalman J. Knizhnik , Will T. Barnes , Jeffrey W. Reep , Vadim M. Uritsky

Here we report on the unique observation of flaring coronal loops at the solar limb using high resolution imaging spectropolarimetry from the Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope. The vantage position, orientation and nature of the chromospheric…

Photospheric vector magnetograms from Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory are utilized as the boundary conditions to extrapolate both non-linear force-free and potential magnetic fields in solar corona.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 J. T. Su , J. Jing , S. Wang , T. Wiegelmann , H. M. Wang

We performed a detailed analysis of the magnetic structure and asymmetric eruption of a large (about 500 Mm) inverse S-shaped filament partially located in AR 13229 on February 24, 2023. We linked the filament's pre-eruptive magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Stefan Purkhart , Astrid M. Veronig , Robert Jarolim , Karin Dissauer , Julia K. Thalmann

The solar magnetic fields emerging from the photosphere into the chromosphere and corona are comprised of a combination of "closed" and "open" fields. The closed magnetic field lines are defined as those having both ends rooted in the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-18 C. Nick Arge , Andrew Leisner , Samantha Wallace , Carl J. Henney

A new method for reconstruction of coronal magnetic fields as force-free fields (FFFs) is presented. Our method employs poloidal and toroidal functions to describe divergence-free magnetic fields. This magnetic field representation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-04 Sibaek Yi , G. S. Choe , Kyung-Suk Cho , Sami K. Solanki , Jörg Büchner

The Sun's magnetic field is a key driver in coronal heating and consequently solar wind acceleration. Remote measurement of the photosphere provides the magnetic surface boundary condition necessary for data-constrained 3D global coronal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-06 Caroline L. Evans , Cooper Downs , Donald Schmit
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