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Most stars and thus most planetary systems do not form in isolation. The larger star-forming environment affects protoplanetary disks in multiple ways: gravitational interactions with other stars truncate disks and alter the architectures…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-09 Megan Reiter , Richrd J. Parker

Because mutations are mostly deleterious, mutation rates should be reduced by natural selection. However, mutations also provide the raw material for adaptation. Therefore, evolutionary theory suggests that the mutation rate must balance…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-08-26 Yoav Ram , Lilach Hadany

Most biological tissues grow by the synthesis of new material close to the tissue's interface, where spatial interactions can exert strong geometric influences on the local rate of growth. These geometric influences may be mechanistic, or…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-28 Mohd Almie Alias , Pascal R Buenzli

Dramatic rise of mutators has been found to accompany adaptation of bacteria in response to many kinds of stress. Two views on the evolutionary origin of this phenomenon emerged: the pleiotropic hypothesis positing that it is a byproduct of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-14 Muyoung Heo , Eugene Shakhnovich

We study how correlations in the random fitness assignment may affect the structure of fitness landscapes. We consider three classes of fitness models. The first is a continuous phenotype space in which individuals are characterized by a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Janko Gravner , Damien Pitman , Sergey Gavrilets

Homophily and social influence are the fundamental mechanisms that drive the evolution of attitudes, beliefs and behaviour within social groups. Homophily relates the similarity between pairs of individuals' attitudinal states to their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-12 Jonathan Ward , Peter Grindrod

Phenotypic evolution implies sequential fixations of new genomic sequences. The speed at which these mutations fixate depends, in part, on the relative fitness (selection coefficient) of the mutant vs. the ancestor. Using a simple…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-02-04 Sorin Tanase-Nicola , Ilya Nemenman

Human pathogens transmitted through environmental pathways are subject to stress and pressures outside of the host. These pressures may cause pathogen pathovars to diverge in their environmental persistence and their infectivity on an…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-16 Andrew F. Brouwer , Marisa C. Eisenberg , Nancy G. Love , Joseph N. S. Eisenberg

The purpose of this paper is to review some elasticity effects in epitaxial growth. We start by a description of the main ingredients needed to describe elasticity effects (elastic interactions, surface stress, bulk and surface elasticity,…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 P. Muller

We are living in an uncertain and dynamically changing world, where optimal decision-making under uncertainty is directly linked to the survival of species. However, evolutionary selection pressures that shape value-based decision-making…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-04 Erdem Pulcu

Morphological trends in growing colonies of living cells are at the core of physiological and evolutionary processes. Using active gel equations, which include cell division, we show that shape changes during the growth can be regulated by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-07-27 Amin Doostmohammadi , Sumesh P. Thampi , Julia M. Yeomans

Stylolites are spectacular rough dissolution surfaces that are found in many rock types. Despite many studies, their genesis is still debated, particularly the time scales of their formation and the relationship between this time and their…

Geophysics · Physics 2008-01-07 Daniel Koehn , François Renard , Renaud Toussaint , Cees Passchier

Environmental variations can significantly influence how populations compete for resources, and hence shape their evolution. Here, we study population dynamics subject to a fluctuating environment modeled by a varying carrying capacity…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-14 Ami Taitelbaum , Robert West , Mauro Mobilia , Michael Assaf

Structural properties of cluster galaxies during their peak formation epoch, $z \sim 2-4$ provide key information on whether and how environment affects galaxy formation and evolution. Based on deep HST/WFC3 imaging towards the z=2.51…

Range expansion and range shifts are crucial population responses to climate change. Genetic consequences are not well understood but are clearly coupled to ecological dynamics that, in turn, are driven by shifting climate conditions. We…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-29 Jimmy Garnier , Mark Lewis

It is by now well established that galaxy evolution is driven by intrinsic and environmental processes, both contributing to shape the observed properties of galaxies. A number of early studies, both observational and theoretical, have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-08-06 A. Pasquali

Exposing an Evolutionary Algorithm that is used to evolve robot controllers to variable conditions is necessary to obtain solutions which are robust and can cross the reality gap. However, we do not yet have methods for analyzing and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Jonata Tyska Carvalho , Stefano Nolfi

Individuals of different types, may it be genetic, cultural, or else, with different levels of fitness often compete for reproduction and survival. A fitter type generally has higher chances of disseminating their copies to other…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-04-24 Naoki Masuda

We study how environment affects the mass-metallicity relation (MZR) at $z=4$-$10$ using deep imaging and spectroscopy from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Combining CEERS and JADES, we compile a sample of 225 galaxies with stellar…

Evolutionary deep intelligence synthesizes highly efficient deep neural networks architectures over successive generations. Inspired by the nature versus nurture debate, we propose a study to examine the role of external factors on the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Audrey G. Chung , Paul Fieguth , Alexander Wong