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Given the goal of maximizing CHSH violation, we compare the optimal strategies of entanglement and nonlocality distillation. In the limit of the number of copies of the shared state, entanglement distillation is guaranteed to work by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Peter Høyer , Jibran Rashid , Razeen ud Din

We present applications of quantum quadratic residue codes in magic state distillation. This includes showing that existing codes which are known to distill magic states, like the $5$-qubit perfect code, the $7$-qubit Steane code, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Michael Zurel , Santanil Jana , Nadish de Silva

We present a resource analysis for generating high-fidelity logical magic states on silicon spin-qubit platforms. We consider a range of architectures, including a shuttling-based SpinBus design, a dense nearest-neighbor layout, and a…

Robust quantum computation requires encoding delicate quantum information into degrees of freedom that are hard for the environment to change. Quantum encodings have been demonstrated in many physical systems by observing and correcting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Maika Takita , Andrew W. Cross , A. D. Córcoles , Jerry M. Chow , Jay M. Gambetta

Generation of logical zero states encoded with a quantum error-correcting code is the first step for fault-tolerant quantum computation, but requires considerably large resource overheads in general. To reduce such overheads, we propose an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Hayato Goto , Yinghao Ho , Taro Kanao

Two primary challenges stand in the way of practical large-scale quantum computation, namely achieving sufficiently low error rate quantum gates and implementing interesting quantum algorithms with a physically reasonable number of qubits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-10 Austin G. Fowler , Simon J. Devitt

Given a quantum gate circuit, how does one execute it in a fault-tolerant architecture with as little overhead as possible? In this paper, we discuss strategies for surface-code quantum computing on small, intermediate and large scales.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-07 Daniel Litinski

Block attention, which processes the input as separate blocks that cannot attend to one another, offers significant potential to improve KV cache reuse in long-context scenarios such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). However, its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Shuaiyi Li , Zhisong Zhang , Yan Wang , Lei Zhu , Dongyang Ma , Chenlong Deng , Yang Deng , Wai Lam

Logical T state preparation is a major overhead source in fault tolerant architectures built from stabilizer operations. Existing protocols, however, are reported under different code families, noise models, postselection rules, and cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Jianshuo Gao , Xiao Yuan , Yuan Yao

In this paper, we propose an efficient reliability based segmentation-discarding decoding (SDD) algorithm for short block-length codes. A novel segmentation-discarding technique is proposed along with the stopping rule to significantly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Chentao Yue , Mahyar Shirvanimoghaddam , Yonghui Li , Branka Vucetic

State estimation is usually analyzed in the situation when copies are in a product state, either mixed or pure. We investigate here the concept of state estimation on correlated copies. We analyze state estimation on correlated N qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Rafal Demkowicz-Dobrzanski

Importance sampling based on quasi-probability decomposition is the backbone of many widely used techniques, such as error mitigation, circuit knitting, and, more generally, virtual quantum resource distillation, as it allows one to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Shinnosuke Onishi , Oliver Hahn , Ryuji Takagi

Coherence distillation is one of the central problems in the resource theory of coherence. In this Letter, we complete the deterministic distillation of quantum coherence for a finite number of coherent states under strictly incoherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-15 C. L. Liu , D. L. Zhou

Quantum computers hold the promise of solving computational problems which are intractable using conventional methods. For fault-tolerant operation quantum computers must correct errors occurring due to unavoidable decoherence and limited…

The performance of quantum resource manipulation protocols, including key examples such as distillation of quantum entanglement, is measured in terms of the rate at which desired target states can be produced from a given noisy state.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Ludovico Lami , Bartosz Regula , Ryuji Takagi

Rotation gates are widely used in various quantum algorithms. To implement fault-tolerant rotation gates, state distillation or gate synthesis is typically employed. However, the overhead of these schemes scales rapidly with increasing…

Quantum state preparation is an important subroutine in many quantum algorithms. The goal is to encode classical information directly to the quantum state so that it is possible to leverage quantum algorithms for data processing. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Oskari Kerppo , William Steadman , Ossi Niemimäki , Valtteri Lahtinen

The surface code cannot be used when qubits vanish during computation; instead, a variant known as the topological cluster state is necessary. It has a gate error threshold of $0.75% and only requires nearest-neighbor interactions on a 2D…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-02 Adam C. Whiteside , Austin G. Fowler

Recently Horodecki et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 100402 (2003)] introduced an important quantum information processing paradigm, in which two parties sharing many copies of the same bipartite quantum state distill local pure states, by means…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 I. Devetak

High-fidelity T magic states are a key requirement for fault-tolerant quantum computing in 2D. It has generally been assumed that preparing high-fidelity T states requires noisy injection of T states followed by lengthy distillation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Jahan Claes