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Quantum LDPC codes may provide a path to build low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, as general LDPC codes lack geometric constraints, na\"ive layouts couple many distant qubits with crossing connections which could be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Maxime A. Tremblay , Nicolas Delfosse , Michael E. Beverland

We ask whether there are fundamental limits on storing quantum information reliably in a bounded volume of space. To investigate this question, we study quantum error correcting codes specified by geometrically local commuting constraints…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Sergey Bravyi , David Poulin , Barbara Terhal

Recent work by Divsalar et al. has shown that properly designed protograph-based low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes typically have minimum (Hamming) distance linearly increasing with block length. This fact rests on ensemble arguments…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-22 Brian K. Butler , Paul H. Siegel

This work provides the first explicit and non-random family of $[[N,K,D]]$ LDPC quantum codes which encode $K \in \Theta(N^\frac{4}{5})$ logical qubits with distance $D \in \Omega(N^\frac{3}{5})$. The family is constructed by amalgamating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-29 Nikolas P. Breuckmann , Jens N. Eberhardt

We present a quantum LDPC code family that has distance $\Omega(N^{3/5}/\operatorname{polylog}(N))$ and $\tilde\Theta(N^{3/5})$ logical qubits. This is the first quantum LDPC code construction which achieves distance greater than $N^{1/2}…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Matthew B. Hastings , Jeongwan Haah , Ryan O'Donnell

Using 4-dimensional arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds, we construct some new homological quantum error correcting codes. They are LDPC codes with linear rate and distance $n^\epsilon$. Their rate is evaluated via Euler characteristic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Larry Guth , Alexander Lubotzky

Identifying the best families of quantum error correction (QEC) codes for near-term experiments is key to enabling fault-tolerant quantum computing. Ideally, such codes should have low overhead in qubit number, high physical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Laura Pecorari , Guido Pupillo

In this paper, a construction of a pair of "regular" quasi-cyclic LDPC codes as ingredient codes for a quantum error-correcting code is proposed. That is, we find quantum regular LDPC codes with various weight distributions. Furthermore our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-18 Manabu Hagiwara , Hideki Imai

We study approximate quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes, which are approximate quantum error-correcting codes specified as the ground space of a frustration-free local Hamiltonian, whose terms do not necessarily commute. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Thomas C. Bohdanowicz , Elizabeth Crosson , Chinmay Nirkhe , Henry Yuen

We construct toric codes on various high-dimensional manifolds. Assuming a conjecture in geometry we find families of quantum CSS stabilizer codes on $N$ qubits with logarithmic weight stabilizers and distance $N^{1-\epsilon}$ for any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-19 M. B. Hastings

We give a construction of quantum LDPC codes of dimension $\Theta(\log N)$ and distance $\Theta(N/\log N)$ as the code length $N\to\infty$. Using a product of chain complexes this construction also provides a family of quantum LDPC codes of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Pavel Panteleev , Gleb Kalachev

We use the recently introduced lifted product to construct a family of Quantum Low Density Parity Check Codes (QLDPC codes). The codes we obtain can be viewed as stacks of surface codes that are interconnected, leading to the name…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Josias Old , Manuel Rispler , Markus Müller

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for practical realization of fault-tolerant quantum computing, and recently proposed families of quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) code are prime candidates for advanced QEC hardware…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Nithin Raveendran , David Declercq , Bane Vasić

We introduce univariate bicycle (UB) codes, a structured subclass of generalized bicycle (GB) quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes obtained via a Frobenius relation. This construction reduces the code design space from a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Sheida Rabeti , Hessam Mahdavifar

Quantum error-correcting codes with asymptotically lower overheads than the surface code require nonlocal connectivity. Leveraging multilayer routing and long-range coupling capabilities in superconducting qubit hardware, we develop…

Vast numbers of qubits will be needed for large-scale quantum computing due to the overheads associated with error correction. We present a scheme for low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation based on quantum low-density parity-check…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Lawrence Z. Cohen , Isaac H. Kim , Stephen D. Bartlett , Benjamin J. Brown

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are among the most promising candidates for future quantum error correction schemes. However, a limited number of short to moderate-length QLDPC codes have been designed and their decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sisi Miao , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

We introduce rainbow codes, a novel class of quantum error correcting codes generalising colour codes and pin codes. Rainbow codes can be defined on any $D$-dimensional simplicial complex that admits a valid $(D + 1)$-colouring of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Thomas R. Scruby , Arthur Pesah , Mark Webster

Quantum error correction is rapidly seeing first experimental implementations, but there is a significant gap between asymptotically optimal error-correcting codes and codes that are experimentally feasible. Quantum LDPC codes range from…

This paper investigates certified upper bounds on the minimum distance of an explicit family of Calderbank-Shor-Steane quantum LDPC codes constructed from affine permutation matrices. All codes considered here have active Tanner graphs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Kenta Kasai