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Expectation maximisation (EM) is an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a finite mixture distribution. It works by introducing "hidden" or "latent" variables via Baum's auxiliary function $Q$ that allow the joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Graham W. Pulford

Two weighted selection combining (WSC) schemes are proposed for a differential decode-and-forward relaying system in Rayleigh fading channels. Compared to the conventional selection combining scheme, the decision variable of the relay link…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Yi Lou , Qiyue Yu , Julian Cheng , Honglin Zhao

The Word Error Rate (WER) is the common measure of accuracy for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Transcripts are usually pre-processed by substituting specific characters to account for non-semantic differences. As a result of this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Korbinian Kuhn , Verena Kersken , Gottfried Zimmermann

Quantum network protocols depend on the availability of shared entanglement. Given that entanglement generation and distribution are affected by noise, characterization of the shared entangled states is essential to bound the errors of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Noah Kaufmann , Maria Quadeer , David Elkouss

We provide a comprehensive performance comparison of soft-output and hard-output demodulators in the context of non-iterative multiple-input multiple-output bit-interleaved coded modulation (MIMO-BICM). Coded bit error rate (BER), widely…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-12-07 Peter Fertl , Joakim Jalden , Gerald Matz

This paper presents a new joint radar and communication technique based on the classical stepped frequency radar waveform. The randomization in the waveform, which is achieved by using permutations of the sequence of frequency tones, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Rajitha Senanayake , Peter Smith , Tian Han , Jamie Evans , William Moran , Robin Evans

In this work, we expand the cooperative multi-task semantic communication framework (CMT-SemCom) introduced in [1], which divides the semantic encoder on the transmitter side into a common unit (CU) and multiple specific units (SUs), to a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Ahmad Halimi Razlighi , Carsten Bockelmann , Armin Dekorsy

This letter presents a comprehensive framework analyzing the asymptotic error performance of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless system employing spatial modulation (SM) with maximum likelihood detection and perfect channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-02 Kostas P. Peppas , Martin Zamkotsian , Fotis Lazarakis , Panayotis G. Cottis

In this letter, the channel estimation problem is studied for wireless communication systems assisted by large intelligent surface. Due to features of assistant channel, channel estimation (CE) problem for the investigated system is shown…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Junliang Lin , Gongpu Wang , Rongfei Fan , Theodoros A. Tsiftsis , Chintha Tellambura

An end-to-end learning method for constellation shaping with a shaping-encoder assisted transceiver architecture is presented. The shaping encoder, which produces shaping bits with a higher probability of zeros, is used to produce an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Harindu Jayarathne , Dileepa Marasinghe , Nandana Rajatheva , Matti Latva-aho

In most error correction coding (ECC) frameworks, the typical error metric is the bit error rate (BER) which measures the number of bit errors. For this metric, the positions of the bits are not relevant to the decoding, and in many noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-11 Chai Wah Wu

This paper is a study of non-linear effects of RF Amplifiers on Communication Systems Performance. High speed data communication is made possible by Multilevel Modulation schemes. This paper presents a study of these non linear effects on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-01-13 Aripirala Manoj Kumar , G. Bharath Reddy , G. Krishna Chaitanya Reddy

General-purpose embedding is highly desirable for few-shot even zero-shot learning in many application scenarios, including audio tasks. In order to understand representations better, we conducted a thorough error analysis and visualization…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Ankit Shah , Shuyi Chen , Kejun Zhou , Yue Chen , Bhiksha Raj

Except for a few simple digital modulation techniques, derivation of average bit error probability over fading channels is difficult and is an involved process. In this letter, curve fitting technique has been employed to express bit error…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Sanjay Singh , M. Sathish Kumar , H. S. Mruthyunjaya

Two-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) is one of the most promising distribution for description of a small-scale fading in the emerging mmWave band. However, traditional error performance analysis in these channels faces two fundamental…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-14 Almir Maric , Pamela Njemcevic

This paper explores the data-aided regularization of the direct-estimate combiner in the uplink of a distributed multiple-input multiple-output system. The network-wide combiner can be computed directly from the pilot signal received at…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-22 Bikshapathi Gouda , Italo Atzeni , Antti Tölli

In this paper, the problem of wireless resource allocation and semantic information extraction for energy efficient semantic communications over wireless networks with rate splitting is investigated. In the considered model, a base station…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Zhaohui Yang , Mingzhe Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Chongwen Huang

ColBERT introduced a late interaction mechanism that independently encodes queries and documents using BERT, and computes similarity via fine-grained interactions over token-level vector representations. This design enables expressive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Archish S , Ankit Garg , Kirankumar Shiragur , Neeraj Kayal

We provide a collection of results on covariance expressions between Monte Carlo based multi-output mean, variance, and Sobol main effect variance estimators from an ensemble of models. These covariances can be used within multi-fidelity…

Computation · Statistics 2024-07-01 Thomas O. Dixon , James E. Warner , Geoffrey F. Bomarito , Alex A. Gorodetsky

Differential encoding and decoding can be employed to circumvent channel estimation in wireless relay networks. This article studies differential amplify-and-forward relaying using linear combining with arbitrary fixed combining weights in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 M. R. Avendi , Ha H. Nguyen , Dac-Binh Ha