Related papers: Exploring Quantum Contextuality to Generate True R…
Random numbers are essential for our modern information based society e.g. in cryptography. Unlike frequently used pseudo-random generators, physical random number generators do not depend on complex algorithms but rather on a physical…
Quantum random number generation (QRNG) is a resource that is a necessity in the field of cryptography. However, its certification has been challenging. In this article, we certify randomness with the aid of quantum entanglement in a device…
Physicists describe nature using mathematics as the natural language, and for quantum mechanics, it prefers to use complex numbers. However, whether complex numbers are really necessary for the theory has been debated ever since its birth.…
Our ability to trust that a random number is truly random is essential for fields as diverse as cryptography and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. Existing solutions both come with drawbacks -- device-independent quantum random number…
Applications of randomness such as private key generation and public randomness beacons require small blocks of certified random bits on demand. Device-independent quantum random number generators can produce such random bits, but existing…
The unpredictable process of state collapse caused by quantum measurements makes the generation of quantum randomness possible. In this paper, we explore the quantitive connection between the randomness generation and the state collapse and…
It has been claimed that to close the locality loophole in a Bell experiment, random numbers of quantum origin should be used for selecting the measurement settings. This is how it has been implemented in all recent Bell experiment…
Measurements on entangled quantum systems necessarily yield outcomes that are intrinsically unpredictable if they violate a Bell inequality. This property can be used to generate certified randomness in a device-independent way, i.e.,…
Contextuality, the impossibility of assigning a single random variable to represent the outcomes of the same measurement procedure under different experimental conditions, is a central aspect of quantum mechanics. Thus defined, it appears…
We present a scheme for quantum random-number generation from an untrusted measurement device and a trusted source and demonstrate it experimentally. No assumptions about noise or imperfections in the measurement are required, and the…
The concept of randomness plays an important role in many disciplines. On one hand, the question of whether random processes exist is fundamental for our understanding of nature. On the other hand, randomness is a resource for cryptography,…
Quantum random number generation (QRNG) harnesses the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanical phenomena. Demonstrations of such processes have, however, been limited to probabilistic sources, for instance, spontaneous parametric…
In this paper we propose a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which utilizes an entangled photon pair in a Bell singlet state, and is certified explicitly by value indefiniteness. While "true randomness" is a mathematical impossibility,…
Randomness is a valuable resource in science, cryptography, engineering, and information technology. Quantum-mechanical sources of randomness are attractive because of the indeterminism of individual quantum processes. Here we consider the…
Device-independent quantum random number generators (DI-QRNGs) are crucial for information processing, ensuring certified quantumness and genuine randomness. However, existing implementations often face low bit rates due to quantumness…
We experimentally show that nonlocality can be produced from single-particle contextuality by using two-particle correlations which do not violate any Bell inequality by themselves. This demonstrates that nonlocality can come from an {\em a…
The theory of quantum mechanics is examined using non-standard real numbers, called quantum real numbers (qr-numbers), that are constructed from standard Hilbert space entities. Our goal is to resolve some of the paradoxical features of the…
Self-testing--the attractive possibility to infer the underlying physics of a quantum device in a black-box scenario--has gained increased traction in recent years, with applications to device-independent quantum information processing.…
We introduce probability estimation, a broadly applicable framework to certify randomness in a finite sequence of measurement results without assuming that these results are independent and identically distributed. Probability estimation…
The entropy or randomness source is an essential ingredient in random number generation. Quantum random number generators generally require well modeled and calibrated light sources, such as a laser, to generate randomness. With…