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Related papers: An Introduction to the Quantum Backflow Effect

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We investigate the backflow effect in elementary quantum mechanics - the phenomenon in which a state consisting entirely of positive momenta may have negative current and the probability flows in the opposite direction to the momentum. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 J. M. Yearsley , J J. Halliwell , R. Hartshorn , A. Whitby

We present an exhaustive class of states with quantum backflow -- the phenomenon in which a state consisting entirely of positive momenta may have negative current and the probability flows in the opposite direction to the momentum. They…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-13 J. J. Halliwell , E. Gillman , O. Lennon , M. Patel , I. Ramirez

Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which the probability density of a quantum particle propagates opposite to its momentum. Experimental observation of backflow has remained elusive due to two main challenges: (i) the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Tomasz Paterek , Arseni Goussev

Quantum backflow is usually understood as a quantum interference phenomenon where probability current of a quantum particle points in the opposite direction to particle's momentum. Here, we quantify the amount of quantum backflow for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-13 Marek Miller , Woo Chee Yuan , Rainer Dumke , Tomasz Paterek

Quantum backflow is a surprising phenomenon in which a quantum particle, moving in one dimension and with a state of rightwards momentum, can exhibit a net probability transfer to the left-hand half-line over a finite time interval. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Christopher J. Fewster , Harkan J. Kirk-Karakaya

We study the phenomenon of quantum backflow in tight-binding systems with complex couplings, considering different boundary conditions and lattice sizes. Backflow is an intrinsically non-classical effect where the density flux associated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Francisco Ricardo Torres Arvizu , Adrián Ortega , Hernán Larralde

Backflow is the phenomenon that the probability current of a quantum particle on the line can flow in the direction opposite to its momentum. In this article, previous investigations of backflow, pertaining to interaction-free dynamics or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-24 Henning Bostelmann , Daniela Cadamuro , Gandalf Lechner

Quantum backflow is the classically-forbidden effect pertaining to the fact that a particle with a positive momentum may exhibit a negative probability current at some space-time point. We investigate how this peculiar phenomenon extends to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-09 Maximilien Barbier

Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive effect in which the probability density of a free particle moves in the direction opposite to the particle's momentum. If the particle is electrically charged, then the effect can be viewed as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Arseni Goussev , Jaewoo Joo

Free motion of a quantum particle with the wave function entirely comprised of plane waves with non-negative momenta may be accompanied by negative probability current, an effect called quantum backflow. The effect is weak and fragile, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-25 Arseni Goussev

In its original formulation, quantum backflow (QB) is an interference effect that manifests itself as a negative probability transfer for free-particle states comprised of plane waves with only positive momenta. Quantum reentry (QR) is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-07 Arseni Goussev

Quantum backflow is an interference effect in which a matter-wave packet comprised of only plane waves with non-negative momenta exhibits negative probability flux. Here we show that this effect is mathematically equivalent to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Arseni Goussev

Quantum backflow is a classically forbidden effect consisting in a negative flux for states with negligible negative momentum components. It has never been observed experimentally so far. We derive a general relation that connects backflow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-21 M. Palmero , E. Torrontegui , M. Modugno , J. G. Muga

The quantum backflow effect is a counterintuitive behavior of the probability current of a free particle, which may be negative even for states with vanishing negative momentum component. Here we address the notion of nonclassicality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-23 Francesco Albarelli , Tommaso Guaita , Matteo G. A. Paris

We derive some rigorous results concerning the backflow operator introduced by Bracken and Melloy. We show that it is linear bounded, self adjoint, and not compact. Thus the question is underlined whether the backflow constant is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-13 Markus Penz , Gebhard Grübl , Sabine Kreidl , Peter Wagner

Quantum backflow refers to the counterintuitive fact that the probability can flow in the direction opposite to the momentum of a quantum particle. This phenomenon has been seen to be small and fragile for one-dimensional systems, in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Maximilien Barbier , Arseni Goussev , Shashi C. L. Srivastava

In its standard formulation, quantum backflow is a classically impossible phenomenon in which a free quantum particle in a positive-momentum state exhibits a negative probability current. Recently, Miller et al. [Quantum 5, 379 (2021)] have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-08 Maximilien Barbier , Arseni Goussev

Quantum mechanics introduces the possibility for particles to move in a direction opposite to their momentum -- a counter-intuitive and classically impossible phenomenon known as quantum backflow. The magnitude of this effect is relatively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Maximilien Barbier , Arseni Goussev

Consider a scenario where a quantum particle is initially prepared in some bounded region of space and left to propagate freely. After some time, we verify if the particle has reached some distant target region. We find that there exist…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 David Trillo , Thinh P. Le , Miguel Navascues

Backflow is a counter-intuitive phenomenon in which a forward propagating quantum particle propagates locally backwards. The actual counter-propagation property associated with this delicate interference phenomenon has not been observed to…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-26 Yaniv Eliezer , Thomas Zacharias , Alon Bahabad
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