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Probabilistic programming (PP) is a programming paradigm that allows for writing statistical models like ordinary programs, performing simulations by running those programs, and analyzing and refining their statistical behavior using…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Martin Kuhn , Joscha Grüger , Christoph Matheja , Andrey Rivkin

The skip-gram (SG) model learns word representation by predicting the words surrounding a center word from unstructured text data. However, not all words in the context window contribute to the meaning of the center word. For example, less…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Dongjae Kim , Jong-Kook Kim

In collider physics, experiments are often based on counting the numbers of events in bins of a histogram. We present a new way to build and analyze statistical models that describe these experiments, based on the probabilistic programming…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-03 Andrew Fowlie

Probabilistic programming offers a powerful framework for modeling uncertainty, yet statistical model discovery in this domain entails navigating an immense search space under strict domain-specific constraints. When small language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Madhav Kanda , Shubham Ugare , Sasa Misailovic

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a good choice for function approximation as they are flexible, robust to over-fitting, and provide well-calibrated predictive uncertainty. Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are multi-layer generalisations of GPs,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-15 Hugh Salimbeni , Marc Deisenroth

Graphs are increasingly becoming ubiquitous as models for structured data. A generative model that closely mimics the structural properties of a given set of graphs has utility in a variety of domains. Much of the existing work require that…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Revanth Reddy , Sarath Chandar , Balaraman Ravindran

We introduce the notion of a stochastic probabilistic program and present a reference implementation of a probabilistic programming facility supporting specification of stochastic probabilistic programs and inference in them. Stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-23 David Tolpin , Tomer Dobkin

As planning is applied to larger and richer domains the effort involved in constructing domain descriptions increases and becomes a significant burden on the human application designer. If general planners are to be applied successfully to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 M. Fox , D. Long

Stochastic discriminative EM (sdEM) is an online-EM-type algorithm for discriminative training of probabilistic generative models belonging to the exponential family. In this work, we introduce and justify this algorithm as a stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Andres R. Masegosa

Log-linear models provide a statistically sound framework for Stochastic ``Unification-Based'' Grammars (SUBGs) and stochastic versions of other kinds of grammars. We describe two computationally-tractable ways of estimating the parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mark Johnson , Stuart Geman , Stephen Canon , Zhiyi Chi , Stefan Riezler

We introduce the Probabilistic Generative Adversarial Network (PGAN), a new GAN variant based on a new kind of objective function. The central idea is to integrate a probabilistic model (a Gaussian Mixture Model, in our case) into the GAN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Hamid Eghbal-zadeh , Gerhard Widmer

Language models for speech recognition typically use a probability model of the form Pr(a_n | a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n-1}). Stochastic grammars, on the other hand, are typically used to assign structure to utterances. A language model of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mark-Jan Nederhof , Anoop Sarkar , Giorgio Satta

Approximate models of world state transitions are necessary when building plans for complex systems operating in dynamic environments. External event probabilities can depend on state feature values as well as time spent in that particular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Ella M. Atkins , Edmund H. Durfee , Kang G. Shin

We present an algorithm for extracting a subclass of the context free grammars (CFGs) from a trained recurrent neural network (RNN). We develop a new framework, pattern rule sets (PRSs), which describe sequences of deterministic finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Daniel M. Yellin , Gail Weiss

The program dependence graph (PDG) represents data and control dependence between statements in a program. This paper presents an operational semantics of program dependence graphs. Since PDGs exclude artificial order of statements that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Sohei Ito

This book is a graduate-level introduction to probabilistic programming. It not only provides a thorough background for anyone wishing to use a probabilistic programming system, but also introduces the techniques needed to design and build…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-20 Jan-Willem van de Meent , Brooks Paige , Hongseok Yang , Frank Wood

Autoregressive feedback is considered a necessity for successful unconditional text generation using stochastic sequence models. However, such feedback is known to introduce systematic biases into the training process and it obscures a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Florian Schmidt , Thomas Hofmann

PAGODA (Probabilistic Autonomous Goal-Directed Agent) is a model for autonomous learning in probabilistic domains [desJardins, 1992] that incorporates innovative techniques for using the agent's existing knowledge to guide and constrain the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Marie desJardins

To address the dual challenges of inherent stochasticity and non-differentiable metrics in physical spatiotemporal forecasting, we propose Spatiotemporal Forecasting as Planning (SFP), a new paradigm grounded in Model-Based Reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Hao Wu , Yuan Gao , Xingjian Shi , Shuaipeng Li , Fan Xu , Fan Zhang , Zhihong Zhu , Weiyan Wang , Xiao Luo , Kun Wang , Xian Wu , Xiaomeng Huang

Probabilistic programming is the idea of writing models from statistics and machine learning using program notations and reasoning about these models using generic inference engines. Recently its combination with deep learning has been…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Wonyeol Lee , Hangyeol Yu , Xavier Rival , Hongseok Yang