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This paper presents a Probabilistic State Algebra as an extension of deterministic propositional logic, providing a computational framework for constructing Markov Random Fields (MRFs) through pure linear algebra. By mapping logical states…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dmitry Lesnik , Tobias Schäfer

Probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs) with neural parameterization have been shown to be effective in unsupervised phrase-structure grammar induction. However, due to the cubic computational complexity of PCFG representation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Songlin Yang , Yanpeng Zhao , Kewei Tu

Probabilistic context free grammars (PCFG) have been the core of the probabilistic reasoning based parsers for several years especially in the context of the NLP. Multi entity bayesian networks (MEBN) a First Order Logic probabilistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Shrinivasan R Patnaik Patnaikuni , Dr. Sachin R Gengaje

Stochastic And-Or grammars (AOG) extend traditional stochastic grammars of language to model other types of data such as images and events. In this paper we propose a representation framework of stochastic AOGs that is agnostic to the type…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-13 Kewei Tu

Probabilistic modeling is one of the foundations of modern machine learning and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we propose a novel type of probabilistic models named latent dependency forest models (LDFMs). A LDFM models the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Shanbo Chu , Yong Jiang , Kewei Tu

Many real-world dynamical systems can be described as State-Space Models (SSMs). In this formulation, each observation is emitted by a latent state, which follows first-order Markovian dynamics. A Probabilistic Deep SSM (ProDSSM)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters

Speech enhancement in hearing aids remains a difficult task in nonstationary acoustic environments, mainly because current signal processing algorithms rely on fixed, manually tuned parameters that cannot adapt in situ to different users or…

Invariants are a set of properties over program attributes that are expected to be true during the execution of a program. Since developing those invariants manually can be costly and challenging, there are a myriad of approaches that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Meriel Stein , Sebastian Elbaum , Lu Feng , Shili Sheng

This paper considers a stochastic control framework, in which the residual model uncertainty of the dynamical system is learned using a Gaussian Process (GP). In the proposed formulation, the residual model uncertainty consists of a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Marcel Menner , Karl Berntorp

How much data is required to learn the structure of a language via next-token prediction? We study this question for synthetic datasets generated via a Probabilistic Context-Free Grammar (PCFG) -- a tree-like generative model that captures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Francesco Cagnetta , Matthieu Wyart

Two-stage stochastic programs (2SPs) are important tools for making decisions under uncertainty. Decision-makers use contextual information to generate a set of scenarios to represent the true conditional distribution. However, the number…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-11 David Islip , Roy H. Kwon , Sanghyeon Bae , Woo Chang Kim

We study a formalization of the grammar induction problem that models sentences as being generated by a compound probabilistic context-free grammar. In contrast to traditional formulations which learn a single stochastic grammar, our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Yoon Kim , Chris Dyer , Alexander M. Rush

We present a formal framework for the development of a family of discriminative learning algorithms for Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars (PCFGs) based on a generalization of criterion-H. First of all, we propose the H-criterion as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Mauricio Maca , José Miguel Benedí , Joan Andreu Sánchez

This paper presents generalized probabilistic models for high-order projective dependency parsing and an algorithmic framework for learning these statistical models involving dependency trees. Partition functions and marginals for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Xuezhe Ma , Hai Zhao

Intelligent systems sometimes need to infer the probable goals of people, cars, and robots, based on partial observations of their motion. This paper introduces a class of probabilistic programs for formulating and solving these problems.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Marco F. Cusumano-Towner , Alexey Radul , David Wingate , Vikash K. Mansinghka

Probabilistic programming has become a standard practice to model stochastic events and learn about the behavior of nature in different scientific contexts, ranging from Genetics and Ecology to Linguistics and Psychology. However, domain…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Guilherme Espada , Alcides Fonseca

Agents are small programs that autonomously take actions based on changes in their environment or ``state.'' Over the last few years, there have been an increasing number of efforts to build agents that can interact and/or collaborate with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Juergen Dix , Mirco Nanni , VS Subrahmanian

Probabilistic time series forecasting involves estimating the distribution of future based on its history, which is essential for risk management in downstream decision-making. We propose a deep state space model for probabilistic time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Longyuan Li , Junchi Yan , Xiaokang Yang , Yaohui Jin

This article presents a stochastic corpus-based model for generating natural language text. Our model first encodes dependency relations from training data through a feature set, then concatenates these features to produce a new dependency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Elham Seifossadat , Hossein Sameti

We present a probabilistic model for constraint-based grammars and a method for estimating the parameters of such models from incomplete, i.e., unparsed data. Whereas methods exist to estimate the parameters of probabilistic context-free…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stefan Riezler