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When using deep, multi-layered architectures to build generative models of data, it is difficult to train all layers at once. We propose a layer-wise training procedure admitting a performance guarantee compared to the global optimum. It is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-02-19 Ludovic Arnold , Yann Ollivier

We propose Deep Companion Learning (DCL), a novel training method for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) that enhances generalization by penalizing inconsistent model predictions compared to its historical performance. To achieve this, we train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Ruizhao Zhu , Venkatesh Saligrama

This is a tutorial and survey paper on Boltzmann Machine (BM), Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and Deep Belief Network (DBN). We start with the required background on probabilistic graphical models, Markov random field, Gibbs sampling,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

We develop a probabilistic framework for deep learning based on the Deep Rendering Mixture Model (DRMM), a new generative probabilistic model that explicitly capture variations in data due to latent task nuisance variables. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-07 Ankit B. Patel , Tan Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk

In this paper, we applied a novel learning algorithm, namely, Deep Belief Networks (DBN) to word sense disambiguation (WSD). DBN is a probabilistic generative model composed of multiple layers of hidden units. DBN uses Restricted Boltzmann…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Peratham Wiriyathammabhum , Boonserm Kijsirikul , Hiroya Takamura , Manabu Okumura

Adaptive inference is a promising technique to improve the computational efficiency of deep models at test time. In contrast to static models which use the same computation graph for all instances, adaptive networks can dynamically adjust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Hao Li , Hong Zhang , Xiaojuan Qi , Ruigang Yang , Gao Huang

In this work, we propose a multi-stage training strategy for the development of deep learning algorithms applied to problems with multiscale features. Each stage of the pro-posed strategy shares an (almost) identical network structure and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-25 Eric Chung , Wing Tat Leung , Sai-Mang Pun , Zecheng Zhang

State-of-the-art training algorithms for deep learning models are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recently, many variations have been explored: perturbing parameters for better accuracy (such as in Extragradient), limiting SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

A new approach to maximum likelihood learning of discrete graphical models and RBM in particular is introduced. Our method, Perturb and Descend (PD) is inspired by two ideas (I) perturb and MAP method for sampling (II) learning by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-05-08 Siamak Ravanbakhsh , Russell Greiner , Brendan Frey

In the low-data regime, it is difficult to train good supervised models from scratch. Instead practitioners turn to pre-trained models, leveraging transfer learning. Ensembling is an empirically and theoretically appealing way to construct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Basil Mustafa , Carlos Riquelme , Joan Puigcerver , André Susano Pinto , Daniel Keysers , Neil Houlsby

In this article we provide a method for fully quantum generative training of quantum Boltzmann machines with both visible and hidden units while using quantum relative entropy as an objective. This is significant because prior methods were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-27 Nathan Wiebe , Leonard Wossnig

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are powerful tools for modeling complex systems and extracting insights from data, but their training is hindered by the slow mixing of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) processes, especially with highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Nicolas Béreux , Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner , Lorenzo Rosset , Beatriz Seoane

Deep learning builds deep architectures such as multi-layered artificial neural networks to effectively represent multiple features of input patterns. The adaptive structural learning method of Deep Belief Network (DBN) can realize a high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Shin Kamada , Takumi Ichimura

This work proposes a new method to sequentially train deep neural networks on multiple tasks without suffering catastrophic forgetting, while endowing it with the capability to quickly adapt to unseen tasks. Starting from existing work on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Dhrupad Bhardwaj , Julia Kempe , Artem Vysogorets , Angela M. Teng , Evaristus C. Ezekwem

The Transformer model has achieved state-of-the-art performance in many sequence modeling tasks. However, how to leverage model capacity with large or variable depths is still an open challenge. We present a probabilistic framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Xian Li , Asa Cooper Stickland , Yuqing Tang , Xiang Kong

Deep energy-based models are powerful, but pose challenges for learning and inference (Belanger and McCallum, 2016). Tu and Gimpel (2018) developed an efficient framework for energy-based models by training "inference networks" to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Lifu Tu , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Kevin Gimpel

In this paper, we study the problem of semi-supervised image recognition, which is to learn classifiers using both labeled and unlabeled images. We present Deep Co-Training, a deep learning based method inspired by the Co-Training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Siyuan Qiao , Wei Shen , Zhishuai Zhang , Bo Wang , Alan Yuille

Deep learning techniques have been paramount in the last years, mainly due to their outstanding results in a number of applications, that range from speech recognition to face-based user identification. Despite other techniques employed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Leandro Aparecido Passos Junior , Joao Paulo Papa

Deep learning methods have predominantly been applied to large artificial neural networks. Despite their state-of-the-art performance, these large networks typically do not generalize well to datasets with limited sample sizes. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-17 Eric Strobl , Shyam Visweswaran

We introduce a new Bayesian multi-class support vector machine by formulating a pseudo-likelihood for a multi-class hinge loss in the form of a location-scale mixture of Gaussians. We derive a variational-inference-based training objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Martin Wistuba , Ambrish Rawat