Related papers: Counterexample-Preserving Reduction for Symbolic M…

We present a logic that extends CTL (Computation Tree Logic) with operators that express synchronization properties. A property is synchronized in a system if it holds in all paths of a certain length. The new logic is obtained by using the…

Trained classification models can unintentionally lead to biased representations and predictions, which can reinforce societal preconceptions and stereotypes. Existing debiasing methods for classification models, such as adversarial…

Counterfactual explanations are usually obtained by identifying the smallest change made to an input to change a prediction made by a fixed model (hereafter called sparse methods). Recent work, however, has revitalized an old insight: there…

The prolific use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as an alternate knowledge base requires them to be factually consistent, necessitating both correctness and consistency traits for paraphrased queries. Recently, significant attempts have…

Reliable evaluation protocols are of utmost importance for reproducible NLP research. In this work, we show that sometimes neither metric nor conventional human evaluation is sufficient to draw conclusions about system performance. Using…

Single-cell representation learning (SCRL) from gene expression data offers a way to uncover the complex regulatory logic underlying cellular function. Inspired by large language models in natural language modeling, several single-cell…

Safe exploration aims at addressing the limitations of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in safety-critical scenarios, where failures during trial-and-error learning may incur high costs. Several methods exist to incorporate external knowledge or…

Linear temporal logic (LTL) offers a simplified way of specifying tasks for policy optimization that may otherwise be difficult to describe with scalar reward functions. However, the standard RL framework can be too myopic to find maximally…

Sentence Representation Learning (SRL) is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with the Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings (CSE) being the mainstream technique due to its superior performance. An intriguing…

We present an SMT-based symbolic model checking algorithm for safety verification of recursive programs. The algorithm is modular and analyzes procedures individually. Unlike other SMT-based approaches, it maintains both "over-" and…

Operator Precedence Languages (OPL) have been recently identified as a suitable formalism for model checking recursive procedural programs, thanks to their ability of modeling the program stack. OPL requirements can be expressed in the…

Providing compact and understandable counterexamples for violated system properties is an essential task in model checking. Existing works on counterexamples for probabilistic systems so far computed either a large set of system runs or a…

Counterfactual explanations (CEs) offer interpretable insights into machine learning predictions by answering ``what if?" questions. However, in real-world settings where models are frequently updated, existing counterfactual explanations…

Random constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) such as random $3$-SAT are conjectured to be computationally intractable. The average case hardness of random $3$-SAT and other CSPs has broad and far-reaching implications on problems in…

For the sake of reliability, the kernels of Interactive Theorem Provers (ITPs) are generally kept relatively small. On top of the kernel, additional symbols and inference rules are defined. This paper presents an analysis of how kernel…

Production LLM systems increasingly require machine-readable outputs: JSON objects, typed traces, regex-constrained fields, and tool-call schemas. This paper targets on-device and low-cost small language model (SLM) deployments, where…

Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) highlights the power of scaling test-time compute to achieve strong performance on complex tasks, such as mathematical reasoning and code generation. This raises a critical question: how…

Evaluating the quality of machine-generated natural language content is a challenging task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Recently, large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have been employed for this purpose, but they are…

Most adversarial attack methods that are designed to deceive a text classifier change the text classifier's prediction by modifying a few words or characters. Few try to attack classifiers by rewriting a whole sentence, due to the…

Symbolic Regression (SR) allows for the discovery of scientific equations from data. To limit the large search space of possible equations, prior knowledge has been expressed in terms of formal grammars that characterize subsets of…