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The understanding of the fundamental properties of the climate system has long benefitted from the use of simple numerical models able to parsimoniously represent the essential ingredients of its processes. Here we introduce a new model for…
Aim of this paper is to retrace the path that led the young Enrico Fermi to write his paper on the statistics of an ideal monatomic gas. This discovery originated in his interest, which he had shown since his formative years, in the…
It would be hard to find a cosmologist today who does not believe that the vast bulk of the Universe (ninety-five percent or more) is hidden from our eyes. We review the evidence for this remarkable consensus, and for the latest proposal,…
The past decade has seen atomic Bose-Einstein condensates emerge as a promising prototype system to explore the quantum mechanical form of turbulence, buoyed by a powerful experimental toolbox to control and manipulate the fluid, and the…
The paper has heuristic character. The conceptual frame, based on the assumption of quantum uncertainty only, has been formerly introduced in two papers [S. Tosto, Il Nuovo Cimento B, vol. 111, n.2, 1996 and S. Tosto, Il Nuovo Cimento D,…
This is an English translation of Euler's article "Principia motus fluidorum" in which the Euler equation (in two three dimensions) has been established for the first time in 1752. The actual publication has been delayed by nine years.…
With the two most profound conceptual revolutions of XXth century physics, quantum mechanics and relativity, which have culminated into relativistic spacetime geometry and quantum gauge field theory as the principles for gravity and the…
We show that the mathematical structure of Gibbsian thermodynamics flows from the following simple elements: the state space of a thermodynamical substance is a measure space together with two orderings (corresponding to "warmer than" and…
We are in the middle of a remarkable paradigm shift in particle physics, a shift of opinion that occurred so slowly that some even try to deny that they changed their minds at all. It concerns a very basic question: can we expect to derive…
We propose to consider nonlinear fluctuations in the theory of liquid $^{4}$He deforming the commutation relations between the generalized coordinates and momenta. Generalized coordinates are coefficients of density fluctuations of Bose…
Metaphysics is the science of being and asks the question ``What really exists?'' The answer to this question has been sought for by mankind since the beginning of recorded time. In the past 2500 years there have been many answers to this…
Starting from a microscopic approach, we develop a covariant formalism to describe a set of interacting gases. For that purpose, we model the collision term entering the Boltzmann equation for a class of interactions and then integrate this…
This paper is about the metaphysical debate whether objects persist over time by the selfsame object existing at different times (nowadays called `endurance' by metaphysicians), or by different temporal parts, or stages, existing at…
The possibility of a supersolid state of matter, i.e., a crystalline solid exhibiting superfluid properties, first appeared in theoretical studies about forty years ago. After a long period of little interest due to the lack of experimental…
This paper introduces terms like inference, substance, etc. and discusses atomic reactions as understood by the ancient Indian physicists of the Nyaya-Vaisesika School.
One of the basic concepts of modern physics with a long prehistory is a fluid, which means a substance that flows under an applied shear stress. In this sense fluids form a wide subset of the phases of matter that includes liquids, dense…
This article is an invitation. It is, first, an invitation to consider as a subject worthy of attention the wide range of situations where small discrete elements, either bubbles, droplets or solid particles, are embedded in turbulent…
The article formulates the basic principles of microscopic physics of a macroscopic ensemble of interacting helium-4 atoms. The concept of a vortex field is introduced, which is caused by the motion of the particles of the electron and…
Influence theory is a foundational theory of physics that is not based on traditional empirically defined concepts, such as positions in space and time, mass, energy, or momentum. Instead, the aim is to derive these concepts, and their…
As it is well known, classical mechanics consists of several basic features like determinism, reductionism, completeness of knowledge and mechanicism. In this article the basic assumptions are discussed which underlie those features. It is…