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We propose a method for characterizing a photodetector by directly reconstructing the Wigner functions of the detector's Positive-Operator-Value-Measure (POVM) elements. This method extends the works of S. Wallentowitz and Vogel [Phys. Rev.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 Rajveer Nehra , Kevin Valson Jacob

In the field of continuous-variable quantum information processing, non-Gaussian states with negative values of the Wigner function are crucial for the development of a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer. While several non-Gaussian…

We show with explicit formulas that one can completely identify an unknown quantum process with only one weakly entangled state; and identify a quantum optical Gaussian process with either one two-mode squeezed state or a few different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-05 Xiang-Bin Wang , J. -Z. Hu , Z. -W. Yu , Franco Nori

In the framework of noisy quantum homodyne tomography with efficiency parameter $0 < \eta \leq 1$, we propose two estimators of a quantum state whose density matrix elements $\rho_{m,n}$ decrease like $e^{-B(m+n)^{r/ 2}}$, for fixed known…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-13 Jean-Marie Aubry , Cristina Butucea , Katia Méziani

An analysis of the homodyne tomography process that is often used to determine the Wigner functions of quantum optical states is performed to consider the effects of the spatiotemporal degrees of freedom. The homodyne tomography process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Filippus S. Roux

We demonstrate a state reconstruction technique which provides either the Wigner function or the density matrix of a field mode and requires only avalanche photodetectors, without any phase or amplitude discrimination power. It represents…

The exploration of tomography of bosonic Gaussian states is presumably as old as quantum optics, but only recently, their precise and rigorous study have been moving into the focus of attention, motivated by technological developments. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Lennart Bittel , Francesco A. Mele , Jens Eisert , Antonio A. Mele

We find and investigate the optimal scheme of quantum distributed Gaussian sensing for estimation of the average of independent phase shifts. We show that the ultimate sensitivity is achievable by using an entangled symmetric Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-14 Changhun Oh , Changhyoup Lee , Seok Hyung Lie , Hyunseok Jeong

The quantum state of a light beam can be represented as an infinite dimensional density matrix or equivalently as a density on the plane called the Wigner function. We describe quantum tomography as an inverse statistical problem in which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 L. M. Artiles , R. D. Gill , M. I. Guta

A new method is described for determining the quantum correlations at different times in optical pulses by using balanced homodyne detection. The signal pulse and sequences of ultrashort test pulses are superimposed, where for chosen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 T. Opatrny , D. -G. Welsch , W. Vogel

Weak squeezed vacuum light, especially resonant to the atomic transition, plays an important role in quantum storage and generation of various quantum sources. However, the general homodyne detection (HD) cannot determine weak squeezing due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Guanhua Zuo , Yuchi Zhang , Jing Li , Shiyao Zhu , Yanqiang Guo , Tiancai Zhang

We propose a pulse and continuous wave (CW) hybrid architecture of continuous-variable measurement-based optical quantum computation utilizing the strengths of both pulsed and CW light. In this architecture, input and ancillary non-Gaussian…

An arbitrary quantum-optical process (channel) can be completely characterized by probing it with coherent states using the recently developed coherent-state quantum process tomography (QPT) [Lobino et al., Science 322, 563 (2008)]. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-09 Xiang-Bin Wang , Zong-Wen Yu , Jia-Zhong Hu , Adam Miranowicz , Franco Nori

We have studied theoretical un-symmetric multi-photon subtracted twin beam state and demonstrated a method for generating states that resembles to high photon number states with the increase in the number of subtracted photons through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 N. Samantaray , J. C. F. Matthews , J. G. Rarity

We consider the statistical properties of photon detection with imperfect detectors that exhibit dark counts and less than unit efficiency, in the context of tomographic reconstruction. In this context, the detectors are used to implement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 K. M. R. Audenaert , S. Scheel

Homodyne detection is one of the ways to circumvent the standard quantum limit for a gravitational wave detector. In this paper it will be shown that the same quantum-non-demolition effect using homodyne detection can be realized by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-06 K. Somiya

The presence of negative values in the Wigner quasiprobability distribution is deemed one of the hallmarks of nonclassical phenomena in quantum systems. Here we demonstrate a classical model of squeezed light that, when combined with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Brian R. La Cour

Optical homodyne detection has found use in a range of quantum technologies as both a characterisation tool and as a way to post-selectively generate non-linearities. So far optical implementations have been limited to bulk optics. Here we…

Reconstruction of photon statistics of optical states provide fundamental information on the nature of any optical field and find various relevant applications. Nevertheless, no detector that can reliably discriminate the number of incident…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Genovese , M. Gramegna , G. Brida , M. Bondani , G. Zambra , A. Andreoni , A. R. Rossi , M. G. A. Paris

Quantum state discrimination plays a central role in quantum information and communication. For the discrimination of optical quantum states, the two most widely adopted measurement techniques are photon detection, which produces discrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 James Moran , Spiros Kechrimparis , Hyukjoon Kwon