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Microwave, submillimetre-wave, and far-infrared phased arrays are of considerable importance for astronomy. We consider the behaviour imaging phased arrays and interferometric phased arrays from a functional perspective. It is shown that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Stafford Withington , George Saklatvala , Michael P. Hobson

Spectrum sharing is a new approach to solve the congestion problem in the RF spectrum. A spatial approach for spectrum sharing between a radar and a communication system was proposed, which mitigates the radar interference to communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Awais Khawar , Ahmed Abdelhadi , T. Charles Clancy

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving inverse problems in computer vision and computational imaging. INRs represent images as continuous domain functions realized by a neural network taking…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Mahrokh Najaf , Gregory Ongie

In this paper we consider the nonlinear inverse problem of phase retrieval in the context of dynamical sampling. Where phase retrieval deals with the recovery of signals & images from phaseless measurements, dynamical sampling was…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Robert Beinert , Marzieh Hasannasab

An algorithm is proposed for the segmentation of image into multiple levels using mean and standard deviation in the wavelet domain. The procedure provides for variable size segmentation with bigger block size around the mean, and having…

Normalization layers are standard in transformers, but it is not clear whether their sample-dependent computations are necessary throughout both training and inference. This work develops a gated normalization-removal approach for pre-norm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Andrei Kanavalau , Carmen Amo Alonso , Sanjay Lall

Markov random fields are common prior distributions used in Bayesian inverse imaging problems. In particular, difference priors assign probability distributions to differences between neighbouring pixels, such as Gaussian, Laplace, or…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Jasper Marijn Everink

Neural implicit surfaces have become an important technique for multi-view 3D reconstruction but their accuracy remains limited. In this paper, we argue that this comes from the difficulty to learn and render high frequency textures with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 François Darmon , Bénédicte Bascle , Jean-Clément Devaux , Pascal Monasse , Mathieu Aubry

Recently, there is interest in coincident 'sharpening' and 'learnability' transitions in monitored quantum systems. In the latter, an outside observer's ability to infer properties of a quantum system from measurements undergoes a phase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-15 Sun Woo P. Kim , Curt von Keyserlingk , Austen Lamacraft

In this paper, we investigate the problem of inverse electromagnetic scattering to recover multilayer human tissue profiles using ultrawideband radar systems in a Bayesian setting. We study the recovery problem in a blind setting, in which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-30 Burak Cevat Civek , Emre Ertin

Inverse scattering problems without the phase information arise in imaging of nanostructures whose sizes are hundreds of nanometers as well as in imaging of biological cells. The governing equation is the 3-d generalized Helmholtz equation…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-10-05 Michael V. Klibanov , Loc H. Nguyen , Kejia Pan

One of the challenges in hyperspectral data analysis is the presence of mixed pixels. Mixed pixels are the result of low spatial resolution of hyperspectral sensors. Spectral unmixing methods decompose a mixed pixel into a set of endmembers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-05 Roozbeh Rajabi , Hassan Ghassemian

Photometric variation of a directly imaged planet contains information on both the geography and spectra of the planetary surface. We propose a novel technique that disentangles the spatial and spectral information from the multi-band…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 Hajime Kawahara

Fourier phasing is the problem of retrieving Fourier phase information from Fourier intensity data. The standard Fourier phase retrieval (without a mask) is known to have many solutions which cause the standard phasing algorithms to…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-12 Albert Fannjiang , Wenjing Liao

We consider the problem of determining the spatial phase profile of a single-mode electromagnetic field. Our attention is on input states that are a statistical mixture of displaced and squeezed number states, a superset of Gaussian states.…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-09 Jacob Trzaska , Amit Ashok

Markov Random Fields (MRFs), a formulation widely used in generative image modeling, have long been plagued by the lack of expressive power. This issue is primarily due to the fact that conventional MRFs formulations tend to use simplistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-08 Zhirong Wu , Dahua Lin , Xiaoou Tang

Pairwise Markov Random Fields (MRFs) or undirected graphical models are parsimonious representations of joint probability distributions. Variables correspond to nodes of a graph, with edges between nodes corresponding to conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Eric Janofsky

We propose a flexible convex relaxation for the phase retrieval problem that operates in the natural domain of the signal. Therefore, we avoid the prohibitive computational cost associated with "lifting" and semidefinite programming (SDP)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Sohail Bahmani , Justin Romberg

Extracting digital material representations from images is a necessary prerequisite for a quantitative analysis of material properties. Different segmentation approaches have been extensively studied in the past to achieve this task, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Julian Grolig , Lars Griem , Michael Selzer , Hans-Ulrich Kauczor , Simon M. F. Triphan , Britta Nestler , Arnd Koeppe

Research on manifold learning within a density ridge estimation framework has shown great potential in recent work for both estimation and de-noising of manifolds, building on the intuitive and well-defined notion of principal curves and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-11 Jonas Nordhaug Myhre , Matineh Shaker , Devrim Kaba , Robert Jenssen , Deniz Erdogmus