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Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the main drivers of geomagnetic disturbances, but the effects of their interaction with Earth's magnetic field depend on their magnetic configuration and orientation. Fitting and reconstruction techniques…

The Sun and other solar-type stars have magnetic fields that permeate their interior and surface, extends through the interplanetary medium, and is the main driver of stellar activity. Stellar magnetic activity affects physical processes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-15 Fabian Menezes , Adriana Valio , Yuri Netto , Alexandre Araújo , Christina Kay , Merav Opher

Context: Many previous studies have shown that the magnetic precursor of a coronal mass ejection (CME) takes the form of a magnetic flux rope, and a subset of them have become known as `hot flux ropes' due to their emission signatures in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 Alexander W James , Lucie M Green , Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi , Gherardo Valori

Magnetic Clouds (MCs) are a particular subset of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), forming large scale magnetic flux ropes. In this work we analyze the evolution of a particular MC (observed on March 1998) using {\it in situ}…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 M. S. Nakwacki , S. Dasso , P. Démoulin , C. H. Mandrini , A. M. Gulisano

Coronal Holes (CHs) are large-scale, low-density regions in the solar atmosphere which may expel high-speed solar wind streams that incite hazardous, geomagnetic storms. Coronal and solar wind models can predict these high-speed streams and…

Homologous coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are an interesting phenomenon, and it is possible to investigate the formation of CMEs by comparing multi-CMEs under a homologous physical condition. AR 11283 had been present on the solar surface…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-16 Rui Wang , Ying D. Liu , Shangbin Yang , Huidong Hu

We present an investigation of the rotation and non-radial motion of a coronal mass ejection (CME) from AR 12468 on 2015 December 16 using observations from SDO, SOHO, STEREO A and Wind. The EUV and HMI observations of the source region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 Yi A. Liu , Ying D. Liu , Huidong Hu , Rui Wang , Xiaowei Zhao

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), as crucial drivers of space weather, necessitate a comprehensive understanding of their initiation and evolution in the solar corona, in order to better predict their propagation. Solar Cycle 24 exhibited…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Nitin Vashishtha , Vaibhav Pant , Dana-Camelia Talpeanu , Dipankar Banerjee , Shantanu Rastogi

Although coronal mass ejections (CMEs) resembling flux ropes generally expand self-similarly, deformations along their fronts have been reported in observations and simulations. We present evidence of one CME becoming deformed after a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 Carlos R. Braga , Angelos Vourlidas , Paulett C. Liewer , Phillip Hess , Guillermo Stenborg , Pete Riley

Magnetic clouds (MCs) are the interplanetary counterparts of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and usually modeled by a flux rope. By assuming the quasi-steady evolution and self-similar expansion, we introduce three types of global motion…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-03 Yuming Wang , Zhenjun Zhou , Chenglong Shen , Rui Liu , S. Wang

Studying the evolution of magnetic clouds entrained in coronal mass ejections using in-situ data is a difficult task since only a limited number of observational points is available at large heliocentric distances. Remote sensing…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-08 A. Isavnin , A. Vourlidas , E. K. J. Kilpua

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are subject to changes in their direction of propagation, tilt, and other properties as they interact with the variable solar wind. We investigated the heliospheric propagation of 15 Earth-impacting CMEs…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 Sandeep Kumar , Nandita Srivastava , Nat Gopalswamy , Ashutosh Dash

An update of Owens et al. (2008) shows that the relationship between the coronal mass ejection (CME) rate and the heliospheric magnetic field strength predicts a field floor of less than 4 nT at 1 AU. This implies that the record low values…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-14 N. U. Crooker , M. J. Owens

We track and investigate from white-light data taken with the Wide-field Instrument for Solar PRobe (WISPR) aboard Parker Solar Probe (PSP), localized density enhancements, reflecting small-scale magnetic structures belonging to a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 G. M. Cappello , M. Temmer , A. Vourlidas , C. Braga , P. C. Liewer , J. Qiu , G. Stenborg , A. Kouloumvakos , A. M. Veronig , V. Bothmer

The near-Sun kinematics of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) determine the severity and arrival time of associated geomagnetic storms. We investigate the relationship between the deprojected speed and kinetic energy of CMEs and magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-19 Sanchita Pal , Dibyendu Nandy , Nandita Srivastava , Nat Gopalswamy , Suman Panda

A key aim in space weather research is to be able to use remote-sensing observations of the solar atmosphere to extend the lead time of predicting the geoeffectiveness of a coronal mass ejection (CME). In order to achieve this, the magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-16 Erika Palmerio , Emilia K. J. Kilpua , Alexander W. James , Lucie M. Green , Jens Pomoell , Alexey Isavnin , Gherardo Valori

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most important drivers of space weather. Central to most CMEs is thought to be the eruption of a bundle of highly twisted magnetic field lines known as magnetic flux ropes. A comprehensive understanding…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and solar energetic particles (SEPs) are two phenomena that can cause severe space weather effects throughout the heliosphere. The evolution of CMEs, especially in terms of their magnetic structure, and the…

Two major coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed during the Whole Heliosphere Interval (WHI) are compared with the catastrophe (CA) and eruptive flux rope (EF) models. The objective is to test two distinct mechanisms for CMEs by modeling…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-23 Chia-Hsien Lin , James Chen

We study the relationship between the speed of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and the height profile of the ambient magnetic field, quantified by its decay index, n(h). Our sample is composed of 15 very fast CMEs (Vcme > 1500 km/s; all halo…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Bernhard Kliem , Georgios Chintzoglou , Tibor Török , Jie Zhang