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An edge coloring $c$ of a graph $G$ is a royal $k$-edge coloring of $G$ if the edges of $G$ are assigned nonempty subsets of the set $\{1, 2, \ldots, k\}$ in such a way that the vertex coloring obtained by assigning the union of the colors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-16 Akbar Ali , Gary Chartrand , James Hallas , Ping Zhang

In 1985, Erd\H{o}s and Ne\'{s}etril conjectured that the strong edge-coloring number of a graph is bounded above by ${5/4}\Delta^2$ when $\Delta$ is even and ${1/4}(5\Delta^2-2\Delta+1)$ when $\Delta$ is odd. They gave a simple construction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-10-12 Daniel Cranston

Let $G$ be a graph whose each component has order at least 3. Let $s : E(G) \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_k$ for some integer $k\geq 2$ be an improper edge coloring of $G$ (where adjacent edges may be assigned the same color). If the induced…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-09-26 Paniz Abedin , Saieed Akbari , Marc Demange , Tinaz Ekim

We denote by $\chi$ g (G) the game chromatic number of a graph G, which is the smallest number of colors Alice needs to win the coloring game on G. We know from Montassier et al. [M. Montassier, P. Ossona de Mendez, A. Raspaud and X. Zhu,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Clément Charpentier

A star edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper edge-coloring without bichromatic paths or cycles of length four. The smallest integer $k$ such that $G$ admits a star edge-coloring with $k$ colors is the star chromatic index of $G$. In the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-23 Přemysl Holub , Borut Lužar , Erika Mihaliková , Martina Mockovčiaková , Roman Soták

Motivated by the study of greedy algorithms for graph coloring, we introduce a new graph parameter, which we call weak degeneracy. By definition, every $d$-degenerate graph is also weakly $d$-degenerate. On the other hand, if $G$ is weakly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Anton Bernshteyn , Eugene Lee

An injective coloring of a graph is a vertex coloring where two vertices with common neighbor receive distinct colors. The minimum integer $k$ that $G$ has a $k-$injective coloring is called injective chromatic number of $G$ and denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-09 Mahsa Mozafari-Nia , Behnaz Omoomi

A $k$-subcolouring of a graph $G$ is a function $f:V(G) \to \{0,\ldots,k-1\}$ such that the set of vertices coloured $i$ induce a disjoint union of cliques. The subchromatic number, $\chi_{\textrm{sub}}(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$…

The star chromatic index of a multigraph $G$, denoted by $\chi_{\mathrm{star}}'(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of $G$ such that no path or cycle of length $4$ is bicolored. In this paper, we study…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-28 Xuling Hou , Lingxi Li , Tao Wang

We give a short proof of a bound on the list chromatic number of graphs $G$ of maximum degree $\Delta$ where each neighbourhood has density at most $d$, namely $\chi_\ell(G) \le (1+o(1)) \frac{\Delta}{\ln \frac{\Delta}{d+1}}$ as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-29 François Pirot , Eoin Hurley

An edge coloring of a graph $G$ is called an acyclic edge coloring if it is proper and every cycle in $G$ contains edges of at least three different colors. The least number of colors needed for an acyclic edge coloring of $G$ is called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-13 Anton Bernshteyn

A proper vertex colouring of a graph $G$ is referred to as conflict-free if in the neighbourhood of every vertex some colour appears exactly once, while it is called $h$-conflict-free if there are at least $h$ such colours for each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Mateusz Kamyczura , Jakub Przybyło

For any graph $G$, the First-Fit (or Grundy) chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$, is defined as the maximum number of colors used by the First-Fit (greedy) coloring of the vertices of $G$. We call a family…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-16 Manouchehr Zaker

We show that for a simple graph $G$, $c'(G)\leq\Delta(G)+2$ where $c'(G)$ is the choice index (or edge-list chromatic number) of $G$, and $\Delta(G)$ is the maximum degree of $G$. As a simple corollary of this result, we show that the total…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-09 M. Henderson , A. J. W. Hilton , R. Mary Jeya Jothi

We study the class of simple graphs $\mathcal{G}^*$ for which every pair of distinct odd cycles intersect in at most one edge. We give a structural characterization of the graphs in $\mathcal{G}^*$ and prove that every $G \in \mathcal{G}^*$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-21 Jessica McDonald , Gregory J. Puleo

Let $G$ be a connected graph with maximum degree $\Delta \ge 3$. We investigate the upper bound for the chromatic number $\chi_\gamma(G)$ of the power graph $G^\gamma$. It was proved that $\chi_\gamma(G)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Lian-Ying Miao , Yi-Zheng Fan

A proper vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic threshold $\chi_{eq}^*(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that $G$ is equitably $n$-colorable for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-21 Rong Luo , Jean-Sébastien Sereni , D. Christopher Stephens , Gexin Yu

A well-known theorem of Vizing states that if $G$ is a simple graph with maximum degree $\Delta$, then the chromatic index $\chi'(G)$ of $G$ is $\Delta$ or $\Delta+1$. A graph $G$ is class 1 if $\chi'(G)=\Delta$, and class 2 if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-02 Gang Chen , Zhengke Miao , Zi-Xia Song , Jingmei Zhang

An edge coloring of a graph $G$ is \emph{woody} if no cycle is monochromatic. The \emph{arboricity} of a graph $G$, denoted by $\arb (G)$, is the least number of colors needed for a woody coloring of $G$. A coloring of $G$ is \emph{strongly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Tomasz Bartnicki , Sebastian Czerwiński , Jarosław Grytczuk , Zofia Miechowicz

A 1-selection $f$ of a graph $G$ is a function $f: V(G)\rightarrow E(G)$ such that $f(v)$ is incident to $v$ for every vertex $v$. The 1-removed $G_f$ is the graph $(V(G),E(G)\setminus f[V(G)])$. The (1-)robust chromatic number $\chi_1(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-04 Gábor Bacsó , Csilla Bujtás , Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza , Máté Vizer