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Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) are comprised of billions of parameters arranged in deep and wide computational graphs. Several studies on LLM efficiency optimization argue that it is possible to prune a significant portion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Corentin Kervadec , Iuliia Lysova , Marco Baroni , Gemma Boleda

Complexity of patterns is a key information for human brain to differ objects of about the same size and shape. Like other innate human senses, the complexity perception cannot be easily quantified. We propose a transparent and universal…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-12-30 Andrey A. Bagrov , Ilia A. Iakovlev , Askar A. Iliasov , Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Vladimir V. Mazurenko

Framed combinatorial topology is a novel theory describing combinatorial phenomena arising at the intersection of stratified topology, singularity theory, and higher algebra. The theory synthesizes elements of classical combinatorial…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Christoph Dorn , Christopher L. Douglas

The diffusion-driven Turing instability is a potential mechanism for spatial pattern formation in numerous biological and chemical systems. However, engineering these patterns and demonstrating that they are produced by this mechanism is…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Antonio Matas-Gil , Robert G. Endres

We study the counting problem known as #PPM, whose input is a pair of permutations $\pi$ and $\tau$ (called pattern and text, respectively), and the task is to find the number of subsequences of $\tau$ that have the same relative order as…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Vít Jelínek , Michal Opler , Jakub Pekárek

Patterns describe proven solutions for recurring problems. Typically, patterns in a particular domain are interrelated and organized in pattern languages. As real-world problems often require patterns of multiple domains, different pattern…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Manuela Weigold , Johanna Barzen , Uwe Breitenbücher , Michael Falkenthal , Frank Leymann , Karoline Wild

We introduce and investigate a series of matching problems for patterns with variables under Simon's congruence. Our results provide a thorough picture of these problems' computational complexity.

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Pamela Fleischmann , Sungmin Kim , Tore Koß , Florin Manea , Dirk Nowotka , Stefan Siemer , Max Wiedenhöft

Computational feasibility is a widespread concern that guides the framing and modeling of biological and artificial intelligence. The specification of cognitive system capacities is often shaped by unexamined intuitive assumptions about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Federico Adolfi , Todd Wareham , Iris van Rooij

This short course offers a new perspective on randomized algorithms for matrix computations. It explores the distinct ways in which probability can be used to design algorithms for numerical linear algebra. Each design template is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Anastasia Kireeva , Joel A. Tropp

Here we study the complexity of string problems as a function of the size of a program that generates input. We consider straight-line programs (SLP), since all algorithms on SLP-generated strings could be applied to processing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yury Lifshits

Analyzing the computational complexity of evolutionary algorithms for binary search spaces has significantly increased their theoretical understanding. With this paper, we start the computational complexity analysis of genetic programming.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-11-16 Greg Durrett , Frank Neumann , Una-May O'Reilly

Computational modeling is widely used to study how humans and organizations search and solve problems in fields such as economics, management, cultural evolution, and computer science. We argue that current computational modeling research…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-06-23 Oana Vuculescu , Mads Kock Pedersen , Jacob F. Sherson , Carsten Bergenholtz

We consider two classes of computations which admit taking linear combinations of execution runs: probabilistic sampling and generalized animation. We argue that the task of program learning should be more tractable for these architectures…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-17 Michael Bukatin , Steve Matthews

The increasing relevance of areas such as real-time and embedded systems, pervasive computing, hybrid systems control, and biological and social systems modeling is bringing a growing attention to the temporal aspects of computing, not only…

General Literature · Computer Science 2013-08-15 Carlo A. Furia , Dino Mandrioli , Angelo Morzenti , Matteo Rossi

Previous compact representations of permutations have focused on adding a small index on top of the plain data $<\pi(1), \pi(2),...\pi(n)>$, in order to efficiently support the application of the inverse or the iterated permutation. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-23 Jérémy Barbay , Gonzalo Navarro

In combinatorial reconfiguration, the reconfiguration problems on a vertex subset (e.g., an independent set) are well investigated. In these problems, some tokens are placed on a subset of vertices of the graph, and there are three natural…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Masaaki Kanzaki , Yota Otachi , Ryuhei Uehara

We describe some configurations of conjugate permutations which may be used as a mathematical model of some genetical processes and crystal growth.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-18 Ivan I. Deriyenko

Compositionality is a key strategy for addressing combinatorial complexity and the curse of dimensionality. Recent work has shown that compositional solutions can be learned and offer substantial gains across a variety of domains, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Clemens Rosenbaum , Ignacio Cases , Matthew Riemer , Tim Klinger

We study numerical computation of conformal invariants of domains in the complex plane. In particular, we provide an algorithm for computing the conformal capacity of a condenser. The algorithm applies for wide kind of geometries: domains…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Mohamed M S Nasser , Matti Vuorinen

Modellers of large scale genome rearrangement events, in which segments of DNA are inverted, moved, swapped, or even inserted or deleted, have found a natural syntax in the language of permutations. Despite this, there has been a wide range…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-04 Sangeeta Bhatia , Pedro Feijão , Andrew R. Francis