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Related papers: Strontium and Barium In Early-Type Galaxies

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From newly-obtained high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra the abundances of the elements La and Eu have been determined over the stellar metallicity range -3<[Fe/H]<+0.3 in 159 giant and dwarf stars. Lanthanum is predominantly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Simmerer , C. Sneden , J. J. Cowan , J. Collier , V. M. Woolf , J. E. Lawler

Beryllium stellar abundances were suggested to be a good tracer of time in the early Galaxy. In an investigation of its use as a cosmochronometer, using a large sample of local halo and thick-disk dwarfs, evidence was found that in a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 Rodolfo Smiljanic , L. Pasquini , P. Bonifacio , D. Galli , B. Barbuy , R. Gratton , S. Randich

Elements in the range 37 < Z < 47 provide key information on their formation process. Several studies have shown that some of these elements are formed by an r-process, that differs from the main r-process creating europium. Through a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-20 Camilla Juul Hansen

Context. Thanks to the heroic observational campaigns carried out in recent years we now have large samples of metal-poor stars for which measurements of detailed abundances exist. [...] These data hold important clues on the nature of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Gabriele Cescutti , Cristina Chiappini

The single stable isotope of beryllium is a pure product of cosmic-ray spallation in the ISM. Assuming that the cosmic-rays are globally transported across the Galaxy, the beryllium production should be a widespread process and its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Smiljanic , L. Pasquini , P. Bonifacio , D. Galli , B. Barbuy , R. Gratton , S. Randich

We present the first in a series of papers studying the X-ray properties of 28 early type galaxies spanning ~3 orders of magnitude in L_x. We report emission-weighted constraints for Fe, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S and Ni. We find no evidence of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Philip J. Humphrey , David A. Buote

Low-metallicity stars preserve the signatures of the first stellar nucleosynthesis events in the Galaxy, as their surface abundances reflect the composition of the interstellar medium from which they were born. Aside from primordial Big…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-25 Khalil Farouqi , Anna Frebel , Friedrich-Karl Thielemann

Study of primary stars lying in Sirius-like systems with various masses of WD companions and orbital separations is one of the key aspects to understand the origin and nature of Barium (Ba) stars. In this paper, based on high resolution and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 X. M. Kong , G. Zhao , J. K. Zhao , J. R. Shi , Y. Bharat Kumar , L. Wang , J. B. Zhang , Y. Wang , Y. T. Zhou

The mean alpha-to-iron abundance ratio ([$\alpha$/Fe]) of galaxies is sensitive to the chemical evolution processes at early time, and it is an indicator of star formation timescale ($\tau_{{\rm SF}}$). Although the physical reason remains…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-05 Yiqing Liu , Luis C. Ho , Eric Peng

The supernova yields of several heavy elements including alpha-, iron-group, and r-process elements are obtained as a function of the mass of their progenitor main-sequence stars M_ms from the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takuji Tsujimoto , Toshikazu Shigeyama

We follow the chemical evolution of the Galaxy for elements from Ba to Eu, using an evolutionary model suitable to reproduce a large set of Galactic (local and non local) and extragalactic constraints. Input stellar yields for neutron-rich…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. Travaglio , D. Galli , R. Gallino , M. Busso , F. Ferrini , O. Straniero

To better characterize the abundance patterns produced by the r-process, we have derived new abundances or upper limits for the heavy elements zinc (Zn), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), europium (Eu), and lead (Pb). Our sample of 161…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 I. U. Roederer , J. J. Cowan , A. I. Karakas , K. -L. Kratz , M. Lugaro , J. Simmerer , K. Farouqi , C. Sneden

This analysis uses spectra of ~16,000 nearby SDSS quiescent galaxies to track variations in galaxy star formation histories along and perpendicular to the Fundamental Plane (FP). We sort galaxies by their FP properties (sigma, R_e, and I_e)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Genevieve J. Graves , S. M. Faber , Ricardo P. Schiavon

We present a detailed analysis of 26 barium stars, including dwarf barium stars, providing their atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [Fe/H], vt) and elemental abundances. We aim at deriving gravities and luminosity classes of the sample…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dinah M. Allen , Beatriz Barbuy

We have obtained optical spectra of 29 early-type (E/S0) galaxies that hosted type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We have measured absorption-line strengths and compared them to a grid of models to extract the relations between the supernova…

The mean stellar alpha-to-iron abundance ratio ([$\alpha$/Fe]) of a galaxy is an indicator of galactic star formation timescale. It is important for understanding the star formation history of early-type galaxies (ETGs) as their star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-25 Yiqing Liu

ABRIDGED: To compare the chemistries of stars in the Milky Way dSph galaxies with stars in the Galaxy, we have compiled a large sample of Galactic stellar abundances from the literature. As found in previous studies, the [alpha/Fe] ratios…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 K. A. Venn , M. Irwin , M. D. Shetrone , C. A. Tout , V. Hill , E. Tolstoy

The alpha element to iron peak element ratio, for example [Mg/Fe], is a commonly applied indicator of the galaxy star formation timescale (SFT) since the two groups of elements are mainly produced by different types of supernovae that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-11 Zhiqiang Yan , Terea Jerabkova , Pavel Kroupa

Planetary Nebulae (PNe) abundance patterns have long been used to note signatures of nuclear processing and to trace the distribution of metals throughout galaxies. We present abundance gradients and heavy element ratios based upon newly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. B. Milingo , K. B. Kwitter , R. B. C. Henry , S. P. Souza

[abridged] Beryllium is a pure product of cosmic ray spallation. This implies a relatively simple evolution in time of the beryllium abundance and suggests its use as a time-like observable. We study the evolution of Be in the early Galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 R. Smiljanic , L. Pasquini , P. Bonifacio , D. Galli , R. G. Gratton , S. Randich , B. Wolff