English
Related papers

Related papers: Template-directed biopolymerization: tape-copying …

200 papers

Living cells provide a fluctuating, out-of-equilibrium environment in which genes must coordinate cellular function. DNA looping, which is a common means of regulating transcription, is very much a stochastic process; the loops arise from…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-18 Yih-Fan Chen , J. N. Milstein , Jens-Christian Meiners

Polymer composite materials require softening to reduce their glass transition temperature and improve processability. To this end, plasticizers, which are small organic molecules, are added to the polymer matrix. The miscibility of these…

Traditional top-down robotic design often lacks the adaptability needed to handle real-world complexities, prompting the need for more flexible approaches. Therefore, this study introduces a novel cellular plasticity model tailored for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Trevor R. Smith , Thomas J. Smith , Nicholas S. Szczecinski , Sergiy Yakovenko , Yu Gu

We introduce a new type of generalized Turing machines (GTMs), which are intended as a tool for the mathematician who studies computability in Analysis. In a single tape cell a GTM can store a symbol, a real number, a continuous real…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-07-01 Nazanin Tavana , Klaus Weihrauch

Self-closing assembly is prone to polymorphism due to thermally-excited bending fluctuations, which permit the formation of off-target assemblies at the point of self-closure. One way to overcome this source of polymorphism is to use…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-06 Sirui Liu , Thomas E. Videbæk , W. Benjamin Rogers

Membrane transporters contribute to the regulation of the internal environment of cells by translocating substrates across cell membranes. Like all physical systems, the behaviour of membrane transporters is constrained by the laws of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-19 Michael Pan , Peter J. Gawthrop , Kenneth Tran , Joseph Cursons , Edmund J. Crampin

Improving the detailed understanding of the underlying properties and functions of biomolecules has recently attracted growing interest, enabled by the possibility of real-space imaging of single, intact macromolecules using Scanning…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Tim J. Seifert , Dhaneesh Kumar , Markus Etzkorn , Stephan Rauschenbach , Klaus Kern , Kelvin Anggara , Uta Schlickum

The Universal Turing Machine (TM) is a model for VonNeumann computers --- general-purpose computers. A human brain can inside-skull-automatically learn a universal TM so that he acts as a general-purpose computer and writes a computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Juyang Weng

Interconnectivity, fault tolerance, and dynamic evolution of the circuitry are long sought-after objectives of bio-inspired engineering. Here, we propose dendritic transistors composed of organic semiconductors as building blocks for…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Matteo Cucchi , Hans Kleemann , Hsin Tseng , Alexander Lee , Karl Leo

The effect of sequence heterogeneity on polynucleotide translocation across a pore and on simple models of molecular motors such as helicases, DNA polymerase/exonuclease and RNA polymerase is studied in detail. Pore translocation of RNA or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yariv Kafri , David K. Lubensky , David R. Nelson

Turing patterns are fundamental in biophysics, emerging from short-range activation and long-range inhibition processes. However, their paradigm is based on diffusive transport processes, which yields Turing patters that are less sharp than…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-11-13 Benjamin M. Alessio , Ankur Gupta

A class of nucleosome remodeling motors translocate nucleosomes, to which they are attached, toward the middle of DNA chain in the presence of ATP during in vitro experiments. Such a biological activity is likely based on a physical…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-05-23 Kuni H. Iwasa , Ana Maria Florescu

The genetic blueprint for the essential functions of life is encoded in DNA, which is translated into proteins -- the engines driving most of our metabolic processes. Recent advancements in genome sequencing have unveiled a vast diversity…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-12 James S. L. Browning , Daniel R. Tauritz , John Beckmann

Cells control fluid flows with a spatial and temporal precision that far exceeds the capabilities of current microfluidic technologies. Cells achieve this superior spatio-temporal control by harnessing dynamic networks of cytoskeleton and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-26 Fan Yang , Shichen Liu , Heun Jin Lee , Rob Phillips , Matt Thomson

To mitigate errors induced by the cell's heterogeneous noisy environment, its main information channels and production networks utilize the kinetic proofreading (KPR) mechanism. Here, we examine two extensively-studied KPR circuits, DNA…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 William D. Piñeros , Tsvi Tlusty

We investigate theoretically the translocation of structured RNA/DNA molecules through narrow pores which allow single but not double strands to pass. The unzipping of basepaired regions within the molecules presents significant kinetic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Ulrich Gerland , Ralf Bundschuh , Terence Hwa

The formation of DNA loops by proteins and protein complexes is ubiquitous to many fundamental cellular processes, including transcription, recombination, and replication. Here we review recent advances in understanding the properties of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Leonor Saiz , Jose M. G. Vilar

Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied to RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase (RNAP). Despite many details of the complex interactions between DNA and RNA synthesis disclosed…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-02-17 Xining Xu , Yunxin Zhang

In cell membranes, proteins and lipids are organized into sub-micrometric nanodomains of varying size, shape and composition, performing specific functions. Despite their biological importance, the detailed morphology of these nanodomains…

Exercising direct control over the unusual electronic structures arising from quantum confinement effects in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) - atomically defined quasi one-dimensional (1D) strips of graphene - is intimately linked to geometric…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Sai Ho Pun , Aidan Delgado , Christina Dadich , Adam Cronin , Felix R. Fischer