English
Related papers

Related papers: Threading the Needle: Generating Textures in Nemat…

200 papers

We propose a general formalism to characterize orientational frustration of smectic liquid crystals in confinement by interpreting the emerging networks of grain boundaries as objects with a topological charge. In a formal idealization,…

Liquid crystals formed of bent-core molecules are exotic materials that exhibit the twist-bend nematic phase. This arises when an energetic preference for nonzero local bend distortion is accommodated via twist in the texture, resulting in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-23 Joseph Pollard , Richard G. Morris

Various concepts and constructions in homotopy theory have been defined in the digital setting. Although there have been several attempts at a definition of a fibration in the digital setting, robust examples of these digital fibrations are…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Gregory Lupton , John Oprea , Nicholas A. Scoville

We construct characteristic classes of smooth (Hamiltonian) fibrations as as fiber integrals of products of Pontriagin (or Chern) classes of vertical vector bundles over the total space of the universal fibration. We give explicit formulae…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Tadeusz Januszkiewicz , Jarek Kedra

Field theories predict that phase transitions sequentially breaking continuous and discrete symmetries can generate hybrid topological structures in which defects of different dimensionalities merge. We report experimental and numerical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-09 Shengzhu Yi , Chao Zhou , Zening Hong , Zhongjie Ma , Mingjun Huang , Satoshi Aya , Rui Zhang , Qi-Huo Wei

Knots and links are fascinating and intricate topological objects. Their influence spans from DNA and molecular chemistry to vortices in superfluid helium, defects in liquid crystals and cosmic strings in the early universe. Here, we find…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-12-06 Dong-Ling Deng , Sheng-Tao Wang , Kai Sun , L. -M. Duan

We give the global homotopy classification of nematic textures for a general domain with weak anchoring boundary conditions and arbitrary defect set in terms of twisted cohomology, and give an explicit computation for the case of knotted…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-07-07 Thomas Machon , Gareth P. Alexander

Knots are familiar entities that appear at a captivating nexus of art, technology, mathematics, and science. As topologically stable objects within field theories, they have been speculatively proposed as explanations for diverse persistent…

A central theme in many body physics is emergence - new properties arise when several particles are brought together. Particularly fascinating is the idea that the quantum statistics may be an emergent property. This was first noted in the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-13 Ying Ran , Pavan Hosur , Ashvin Vishwanath

Creation and control of topological complex excitations play crucial roles in both fundamental physics and modern information science. Torons are a sophisticated class of 3D chiral polar topological structures with both skyrmionic…

The Hopf index, a topological invariant that quantifies the linking of preimage fibers, is fundamental to the structure and stability of hopfions. In this work, we propose a new mathematical framework for modeling hopfions with high Hopf…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-21 Yuta Nozaki , Darian Hall , Ivan I. Smalyukh , Yuya Koda

Liquid crystals are assemblies of rod-like molecules which self-organize to form mesophases, in-between ordinary liquids and anisotropic crystals. At each point, the molecules collectively orient themselves along a privileged direction,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-03 Sébastien Fumeron , Bertrand Berche

Widely known for their uses in displays and electro-optics, liquid crystals are more than just technological marvels. They vividly reveal the topology and structure of various solitonic and singular field configurations, often markedly…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-04-18 Jin-Sheng Wu , Ivan I. Smalyukh

Topological magnetic structures, such as Hopfions, are central to three-dimensional magnetism, but their characterization in complex geometries remains challenging. We introduce a robust finite-element method for calculating the Hopf index…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Louis Gallard , Riccardo Hertel

Topological solitons are relevant in several areas of physics [1]. Recently, these configurations have been investigated in contexts as diverse as hydrodynamics [2], Bose-Einstein condensates [3], ferromagnetism [4], knotted light [5] and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 Miguel Bezares , Érico Goulart , Gonzalo Palomera , Daniel J. Pons , Enrique G. Reyes

Non-Hermitian systems have been discussed mostly in the context of open systems and nonequilibrium. Recent experimental progress is much from optical, cold-atomic, and classical platforms due to the vast tunability and clear identification…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Xiao-Xiao Zhang , Naoto Nagaosa

It is known that the topological Hopf term in two-dimensional (2D) spin systems can be derived by coupling to massless Dirac fermions. We establish a universal rule governing the generation of Hopf terms in 2D quantum spin systems coupled…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-15 Yan-Guang Yue , Shuai Yang , Zheng-Xin Liu , Yan Chen

The homotopy theory of topological defects is a powerful tool for organizing and unifying many ideas across a broad range of physical systems. Recently, experimental progress has been made in controlling and measuring colloidal inclusions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-04-10 Gareth P. Alexander , Bryan Gin-ge Chen , Elisabetta A. Matsumoto , Randall D. Kamien

We construct a family of Hermitian metrics on the Hopf surface $ \mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{S}^1$, whose fundamental classes represent distinct cohomology classes in the Aeppli cohomology group. These metrics are locally conformally…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Jingyi Chen , Liding Huang

Topological defects are distinctive signatures of liquid crystals. They profoundly affect the viscoelastic behavior of the fluid by constraining the orientational structure in a way that inevitably requires global changes not achievable…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-19 Luca Giomi , Mark J. Bowick , Prashant Mishra , Rastko Sknepnek , M. Cristina Marchetti