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We show how to find and efficiently maintain maximal k-edge-connected subgraphs in undirected graphs. In particular, we provide the following results. (1) A general framework for maintaining the maximal k-edge-connected subgraphs upon…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Loukas Georgiadis , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Evangelos Kosinas , Debasish Pattanayak

In this paper, we study the metric dimension problem in maximal outerplanar graphs. Concretely, if $\beta (G)$ is the metric dimension of a maximal outerplanar graph $G$ of order $n$, we prove that $2\le \beta (G) \le \lceil…

We investigate the extremal properties of saturated partial plane embeddings of maximal planar graphs. For a planar graph $G$, the plane-saturation number $\mathrm{sat}_{\mathcal{P}}(G)$ denotes the minimum number of edges in a plane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-11 János Barát , Zoltán L. Blázsik , Balázs Keszegh , Zeyu Zheng

Given a set of points in the plane, we want to establish a connection network between these points that consists of several disjoint layers. Motivated by sensor networks, we want that each layer is spanning and plane, and that no edge is…

There is a graph reduction system so that every optimal 1-planar graph can be reduced to an irreducible extended wheel graph, provided the reductions are applied such that the given graph class is preserved. A graph is optimal 1-planar if…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Franz J. Brandenburg

In a representation of a graph $G$ as an edge intersection graph of paths on a grid (EPG) every vertex of $G$ is represented by a path on a grid and two paths share a grid edge iff the corresponding vertices are adjacent. In a monotonic EPG…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Eranda Cela , Elisabeth Gaar

We investigate problems addressing combined connectivity augmentation and orientations settings. We give a polynomial-time 6-approximation algorithm for finding a minimum cost subgraph of an undirected graph $G$ that admits an orientation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Mohit Singh , László A. Végh

Connectivity related concepts are of fundamental interest in graph theory. The area has received extensive attention over four decades, but many problems remain unsolved, especially for directed graphs. A directed graph is 2-edge-connected…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Shiri Chechik , Thomas Dueholm Hansen , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Veronika Loitzenbauer , Nikos Parotsidis

A planar orthogonal drawing of a planar 4-graph G (i.e., a planar graph with vertex-degree at most four) is a crossing-free drawing that maps each vertex of G to a distinct point of the plane and each edge of $G$ to a sequence of horizontal…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Walter Didimo , Michael Kaufmann , Giuseppe Liotta , Giacomo Ortali

A straight-line drawing $\delta$ of a planar graph $G$ need not be plane, but can be made so by \emph{untangling} it, that is, by moving some of the vertices of $G$. Let shift$(G,\delta)$ denote the minimum number of vertices that need to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2009-01-27 Xavier Goaoc , Jan Kratochvil , Yoshio Okamoto , Chan-Su Shin , Andreas Spillner , Alexander Wolff

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a strongly connected graph with $|V|\geq 3$. For $T\subseteq V$, the strongly connected graph $G$ is $2$-T-connected if $G$ is $2$-edge-connected and for each vertex $w$ in $T$, $w$ is not a strong articulation point. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Raed Jaberi , Reham Mansour

For a simple graph $G$, the $2$-distance graph, $D_2(G)$, is a graph with the vertex set $V(G)$ and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their distance is $2$ in the graph $G$. In this paper, we characterize all graphs with connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-04 S. H. Jafari , S. R. Musawi

In this paper we extend the theory of bidimensionality to two families of graphs that do not exclude fixed minors: map graphs and power graphs. In both cases we prove a polynomial relation between the treewidth of a graph in the family and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Erik D. Demaine , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi

Borradaile, Le and Sherman-Bennett [Graphs and Combinatorics, 2017] proved that every $n$-vertex $2$-outerplane graph has a set of at least $2n/3$ vertices that induces an outerplane graph. We identify a major flaw in their proof and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Marco D'Elia , Fabrizio Frati

It is well-known that both the pathwidth and the outer-planarity of a graph can be used to obtain lower bounds on the height of a planar straight-line drawing of a graph. But both bounds fall short for some graphs. In this paper, we…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Therese Biedl , Erin Wolf Chambers , David Eppstein , Arnaud De Mesmay , Tim Ophelders

A graph is $2$-planar if it has local crossing number two, that is, it can be drawn in the plane such that every edge has at most two crossings. A graph is maximal $2$-planar if no edge can be added such that the resulting graph remains…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Michael Hoffmann , Meghana M. Reddy

In this paper, we show that given a weighted, directed planar graph $G$, and any $\epsilon >0$, there exists a polynomial time and $O(n^{\frac{1}{2}+\epsilon})$ space algorithm that computes the shortest path between two fixed vertices in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Diptarka Chakraborty , Raghunath Tewari

A common way to accelerate shortest path algorithms on graphs is the use of a bidirectional search, which simultaneously explores the graph from the start and the destination. It has been observed recently that this strategy performs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Thomas Bläsius , Cedric Freiberger , Tobias Friedrich , Maximilian Katzmann , Felix Montenegro-Retana , Marianne Thieffry

We consider straight-line outerplanar drawings of outerplanar graphs in which a small number of distinct edge slopes are used, that is, the segments representing edges are parallel to a small number of directions. We prove that $\Delta-1$…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Kolja Knauer , Piotr Micek , Bartosz Walczak

Let $P$ be a graph with a vertex $v$ such that $P\backslash v$ is a forest, and let $Q$ be an outerplanar graph. We prove that there exists a number $p=p(P,Q)$ such that every 2-connected graph of path-width at least $p$ has a minor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-17 Thanh N. Dang , Robin Thomas