Related papers: Elementary numerosity and measures
The notion of $\ast$-idempotent measure is a modification of the notion of idempotent measure defined for every triangular norm $\ast$. We prove existence and uniqueness of invariant $\ast$-idempotent measures for iterated function systems…
Fuzzy measures, also referred to as nonadditive measures, emerge from the foundational concept of additive measures by transforming additivity into monotonicity. In comparison to the expansive $2^n$ coefficients of fuzzy measures, additive…
This contribution is a technical description of details for implementing infinite elements. The novelty is the closed, analytic form used for most quantities.
The conventional definition of extremality of a finite collection of sets is extended by replacing a fixed point (extremal point) in the intersection of the sets by a collection of sequences of points in the individual sets with the…
Recently a class of generalized information measures was defined on sets of items parametrized by submodular functions. In this paper, we propose and study various notions of independence between sets with respect to such information…
Working in the context of $\mu$-abstract elementary classes ($\mu$-AECs) - or, equivalently, accessible categories with all morphisms monomorphisms - we examine the two natural notions of size that occur, namely cardinality of underlying…
The problem of replacing an integral norm with respect to a given probability measure by the corresponding integral norm with respect to a discrete measure is discussed in the paper. The above problem is studied for elements of finite…
We consider a set of probability measures on a finite event space $\Omega$. The mutual affinity is introduced in terms of the spectrum of the associated Gram matrix. We show that, for randomly chosen measures, the empirical eigenvalue…
Logical entropy gives a measure, in the sense of measure theory, of the distinctions of a given partition of a set, an idea that can be naturally generalized to classical probability distributions. Here, we analyze how fundamental concepts…
We extend the notion of exact completion on a weakly lex category to elementary doctrines. We show how any such doctrine admits an elementary quotient completion, which freely adds effective quotients and extensional equality. We note that…
The article introduces the concept of uniformity, which is formulated as a scheme of axioms. The connection of this concept with ordered sets is studied. The effectiveness of using axiom schemes as a convenient and short way of replacing…
Evidence for fine-tuning of physical parameters suitable for life can perhaps be explained by almost any combination of providence, coincidence or multiverse. A multiverse usually includes parts unobservable to us, but if the theory for it…
Accepting a proposition means that our confidence in this proposition is strictly greater than the confidence in its negation. This paper investigates the subclass of uncertainty measures, expressing confidence, that capture the idea of…
We invent the notion of a {\it dimension of a variety} $V$ as the cardinality of all its proper {\it derived} subvarieties (of the same type). The dimensions of varieties of lattices, varieties of regular bands and other general algebraic…
For any finite totally ordered set, the multisets of intervals form an abelian category. Various classes of subcategories admit natural combinatorial descriptions, and counting them yields familiar integer sequences. Surprisingly, in some…
Certain countably and finitely additive measures can be associated to a given nonnegative supermartingale. Under weak assumptions on the underlying probability space, existence and (non)uniqueness results for such measures are proven.
In this article we propose a solution to the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. We point out that the measurement problem can be traced to an a priori notion of classicality in the formulation of quantum mechanics. If this notion of…
\emph{Approximation Theory} uses nicely-behaved subcategories to understand entire categories, just as projective modules are used to approximate arbitrary modules in classical homological algebra. We use set-theoretic \emph{elementary…
We axiomatically define a cardinal social inefficiency function, which, given a set of alternatives and individuals' vNM preferences over the alternatives, assigns a unique number -- the social inefficiency -- to each alternative. These…
When defining the amount of additive structure on a set it is often convenient to consider certain sumsets; Calculating the cardinality of these sumsets can elucidate the set's underlying structure. We begin by investigating finite sets of…