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Globular cluster systems provide valuable fossil records of the formation history of their parent galaxies. This review specifically concentrates on using color distributions of the globular cluster systems of elliptical galaxies to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stephen E. Zepf

We present CN and CH band measurements for 137 RGB and AGB stars in the Galactic globular cluster M10. Our measurements come from low resolution spectroscopy taken with the Hydra spectrograph on the WIYN-3.5m telescope. We use these…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-12 Jeffrey M. Gerber , Eileen D. Friel , Enrico Vesperini

The discovery of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters has implications for all the aspects of the study of these stellar systems. In this paper, by means of N-body simulations, we study the evolution of binary stars in…

We examine the outer structure of 12 Galactic globular clusters using star-count analyses. Deep, two-color, photographic photometry is used to select and count stars with colors and magnitudes consistent with cluster-specific,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 C. J. Grillmair , K. C. Freeman , M. Irwin , P. J. Quinn

The nature and formation history of our Galaxy's largest and most enigmatic stellar cluster, known as Omega Centauri (ocen) remains debated. Here, we offer a novel approach to disentangling the complex stellar populations within ocen based…

The use of roman numerals for stellar populations represents a classification approach to galaxy formation which is now well behind us. Nevertheless, the concept of a pristine generation of stars, followed by a protogalactic era, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 J. Mould , F. Bianchini , Duncan A. Forbes , C. L. Reichardt

Since the discovery of chemically peculiar stars in globular clusters in the last century, the study of multiple populations has become increasingly important, given that chemical inhomogeneity is found in almost all globular clusters.…

Star clusters are ideal tracers of star formation activity in systems outside the volume that can be studied using individual, resolved stars. These unresolved clusters span orders of magnitude in brightness and mass, and their formation is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-20 I. S. Konstantopoulos , K. Fedotov , S. C. Gallagher , A. Maybhate , P. R. Durrell , J. C. Charlton

Globular clusters play a role in many areas of astrophysics, ranging from stellar physics to cosmology. New ground-based optical surveys complemented by observations from space-based telescopes with unprecedented near-infrared capabilities…

Derived from first physical principles, a few simple rules are presented that can help in both the planning and interpretation of CCD and IR-array camera observations of resolvable stellar populations. These rules concern the overall size…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-28 Alvio Renzini

Over the last decade, the classical definition of Globular Clusters (GCs) as simple stellar populations was revolutionized due to the discovery of "Multiple Populations" (MPs). However, our knowledge of this phenomenon and its…

The study of stellar populations is a discipline that is highly dependent on both imaging and spectroscopy. I discuss techniques in different regimes of resolving power: broadband imaging (R~4), intermediate band imaging (R~16, 64),…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Joss Bland-Hawthorn

We present our models of the effect of binaries on high-resolution spectroscopic surveys. We want to determine how many binary stars will be observed, whether unresolved binaries will contaminate measurements of chemical abundances, and how…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-22 Edita Stonkute , Ross P. Church , Sofia Feltzing , Jennifer A. Johnson

In the context of the Hubble Space Telescope UV Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs), we derived high-precision, multi-band photometry to investigate the multiple stellar populations in the massive and metal-poor GC M 15. By creating…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 D. Nardiello , A. P. Milone , G. Piotto , J. Anderson , L. R. Bedin , A. Bellini , S. Cassisi , M. Libralato , A. F. Marino

It is currently impossible to determine the abundances of stellar populations star-by-star in dense stellar systems more distant than a few megaparsecs. Therefore, methods to analyse the composite light of stellar systems are required. I…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. C. Trager

The existence of complex stellar populations in some star clusters challenges the understanding of star formation. E.g. the ONC or the sigma Orionis cluster host much older stars than the main bulk of the young stars. Massive star clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jan Pflamm-Altenburg , Pavel Kroupa

We briefly summarize the impact of the chemical peculiarities associated to the multiple population phenomenon in Galactic Globular Clusters, on the evolutionary properties and spectral energy distribution of second generation stars, in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-01 S. Cassisi , M. Salaris , A. Pietrinferni

Globular cluster ages provide both an important test of models of globular cluster formation and a powerful method to constrain the assembly history of galaxies. Unfortunately, measuring the ages of unresolved old stellar populations has…

Most Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) harbour multiple populations of stars (MPs), composed of at least two generations: the first characterized by a "standard" $\alpha$-enhanced metal mixture, as observed in field halo stars of the Milky…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-10 Vinicius Branco , Paula R. T. Coelho , Ariane Lançon , Lucimara P. Martins , Philippe Prugniel

We investigate the relationship between the mass of a globular cluster core and the sizes of its various stellar populations in a sample of 56 globular clusters. The number of core red giant branch stars is found to scale sub-linearly with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 N. Leigh , A. Sills , C. Knigge