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Optimization problems, generalized equations, and the multitude of other variational problems invariably lead to the analysis of sets and set-valued mappings as well as their approximations. We review the central concept of set-convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Johannes O. Royset

A critical review is presented on the most recent attempt to generally explain the notion of "statistical symmetry". This particular explanation, however, is incomplete and misses one important and essential aspect. The aim of this short…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-02-29 Michael Frewer , George Khujadze , Holger Foysi

We begin by defining general hypergeometric functions over finite fields and obtaining a finite field analogue of a classical symmetry in their complex counterparts. We give a geometric proof for the symmetry by constructing isomorphisms…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Akio Nakagawa

Polynomial optimization problems are infinite-dimensional, nonconvex, NP-hard, and are often handled in practice with the moment-sums of squares hierarchy of semidefinite programming bounds. We consider problems where the objective function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Igor Klep , Victor Magron , Tobias Metzlaff , Jie Wang

The issue of symmetry and symmetry breaking is fundamental in all areas of science. Symmetry is often assimilated to order and beauty while symmetry breaking is the source of many interesting phenomena such as phase transitions,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-01 Jean Dolbeault , Maria J. Esteban , Michael Loss , Maria Esteban

Symmetry plays a major role in subgraph matching both in the description of the graphs in question and in how it confounds the search process. This work addresses how to quantify these effects and how to use symmetries to increase the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Dominic Yang , Yurun Ge , Thien Nguyen , Jacob Moorman , Denali Molitor , Andrea Bertozzi

Giving a new form of the vortex mode equation by a proper change of parameter, our aim is to analyze the point and contact symmetries of the new equation. Fundamental invariants and a form of general solutions of point transformations along…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-12-30 Mehdi Nadjafikhah , Ali Mahdipour--Shirayeh

The exploration of geometrical patterns stimulates imagination and encourages abstract reasoning which is a distinctive feature of human intelligence. In cognitive science, Gestalt principles such as symmetry have often explained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Snejana Sheghava , Ashok Goel

In this article, we introduce the notion of stochastic symmetry of a differential equation. It consists in a stochastic flow that acts over a solution of a differential equation and produces another solution of the same equation. In the…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-19 Pedro J. Catuogno , Luis R. Lucinger

Symmetry is one of the most central concepts in physics, and it is no surprise that it has also been widely adopted as an inductive bias for machine-learning models applied to the physical sciences. This is especially true for models…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Marcel F. Langer , Sergey N. Pozdnyakov , Michele Ceriotti

Our technologies complexify our environments. Thus, new technologies need to deal with more and more complexity. Several efforts have been made to deal with this complexity using the concept of self-organization. However, in order to…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlos Gershenson

The main issues of the original Symmetrical smoothing method consists of approximation of the extremal volume of the set by the smooth symmetric function (sum of step functions) and then solve the optimization problem. when making…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-10 Vladimir Blinovsky

The purpose of this note is to survey a methodology to solve systems of polynomial equations and inequalities. The techniques we discuss use the algebra of multivariate polynomials with coefficients over a field to create large-scale linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-12-08 Jesus A. De Loera , Peter N. Malkin , Pablo A. Parrilo

This work introduces a complexity measure which addresses some conflicting issues between existing ones by using a new principle - measuring the average amount of symmetry broken by an object. It attributes low (although different)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-26 Roberto C. Alamino

In many physical systems, inputs related by intrinsic system symmetries are mapped to the same output. When inverting such systems, i.e., solving the associated inverse problems, there is no unique solution. This causes fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Kshitij Tayal , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Vipin Kumar , Ju Sun

Algorithms for continuous optimization problems have a rich history of design and innovation over the past several decades, in which mathematical analysis of their convergence and complexity properties plays a central role. Besides their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Stephen J. Wright

In constraint programming and related paradigms, a modeller specifies their problem in a modelling language for a solver to search and return its solution(s). Using high-level modelling languages such as Essence, a modeller may express…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Özgür Akgün , Mun See Chang , Ian P. Gent , Christopher Jefferson

The classical approach to solvability of a mathematical problem is to define a method which includes certain rules of operation or algorithms. Then using the defined method, one can show that some problems are solvable or not solvable or…

Geophysics · Physics 2010-12-03 August Lau , Chuan Yin

Symmetry is conventionally described in a contrariety manner that the system is either completely symmetric or completely asymmetric. Using group theoretical approach to overcome this dichotomous problem, we introduce the degree of symmetry…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 Y. N. Fang , G. H. Dong , D. L. Zhou , C. P. Sun

What can one do with a given tunable quantum device? We provide complete symmetry criteria deciding whether some effective target interaction(s) can be simulated by a set of given interactions. Symmetries lead to a better understanding of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 Zoltán Zimborás , Robert Zeier , T. Schulte-Herbrueggen , Daniel Burgarth