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Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is widely used to describe electronic excitations in complex finite systems with large numbers of atoms, such as biomolecules and nanocrystals. The first part of this paper will give a simple…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-08-15 C. A. Ullrich , V. Turkowski

We formulate a time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) in terms of the density matrix to study ultrafast phenomena in semiconductor structures. A system of equations for the density matrix components, which is equivalent to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 V. Turkowski , C. A. Ullrich

The real-time electronic dynamics on material surfaces is critically important to a variety of applications. However, their simulations have remained challenging for conventional methods such as the time-dependent density-functional theory…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Rulin Wang , Dong Hou , Xiao Zheng

This chapter provides a basic introduction to excited-state extensions of density functional theory (DFT), including time-dependent (TD-)DFT in both its linear-response and its explicitly time-dependent formulations. As applied to the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 John M. Herbert

Charge transfer plays a crucial role in many processes of interest in physics, chemistry, and bio-chemistry. In many applications the size of the systems involved calls for time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to be used in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Neepa T. Maitra

Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is a standard approach for calculating optical excitations of molecules and solids, while ensemble DFT (EDFT) is a promising alternative under development. We introduce ensemble TDDFT…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Kimberly J. Daas , Steven Crisostomo , Kieron Burke

Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is presently enjoying enormous popularity in quantum chemistry, as a useful tool for extracting electronic excited state energies. This article explains what TDDFT is, and how it differs from…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Elliott , Kieron Burke , Filipp Furche

A practical computational scheme based on time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and ultrasoft pseudopotential (USPP) is developed to study electron dynamics in real time. A modified Crank-Nicolson time-stepping algorithm is…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiaofeng Qian , Ju Li , Xi Lin , Sidney Yip

We propose a first-principles time-dependent density functional theoretical (TDDFT) approach in momentum (P) space for quantitative study of electron transport in molecular devices under arbitrary biases. In this approach, the basic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-02-10 Zhongyuan Zhou , Shih-I Chu

Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is a formally exact approach to the time-dependent electronic many-body problem which is widely used for calculating excitation energies. We present a survey of the fundamental framework,…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-01-29 Carsten A. Ullrich , Zeng-hui Yang

An approximate method based on adiabatic time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is presented, that allows for the description of the electron dynamics in nanoscale junctions under arbitrary time dependent external potentials. In…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Y. Wang , C. -Y. Yam , G. H. Chen , Th. Frauenheim , T. A. Niehaus

Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is deemed to be a formally rigorous way of dealing with the time-evolution of a many-electron system at the level of electron densities rather than the underlying wavefunctions, which in turn…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Jochen Schirmer

Molecular absorption and photo-electron spectra can be efficiently predicted with real-time time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT). We show here how these techniques can be easily extended to study time-resolved pump-probe…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2013-01-10 Umberto De Giovannini , Gustavo Brunetto , Alberto Castro , Jessica Walkenhorst , Angel Rubio

Electronic response properties of high-energy density (HED) systems influence planetary structure, drive evolution of fusion targets, and underpin diagnostics in laboratory astrophysics. Real-time time-dependent density functional theory…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Alina Kononov , Minh Nguyen , Andrew D. Baczewski

Time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) is an extension of ground-state density-functional theory which allows the treatment of electronic excited states and a wide range of time-dependent phenomena in the linear and nonlinear…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-10 Carsten A. Ullrich

The formalism of density functional theory (DFT) can be easily extended to the time dependent case (TDDFT). However, while in the static case the theory is well established and is expected to be, at least in principle, an exact approach for…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Sandro Stringari

An exact theoretical framework based on Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) is proposed in order to deal with the time-dependent quantum transport in fully interacting systems. We use a \textit{partition-free} approach by Cini…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Gianluca Stefanucci , Carl-Olof Almbladh

In principle, we should not need the time-dependent extension of density-functional theory (TDDFT) for excitations, and in particular not for Molecular Dynamics (MD) studies: the theorem by Hohenberg and Kohn teaches us that for any…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-05-27 J. L. Alonso , Alberto Castro , Pablo Echenique , Angel Rubio

We propose a machine learning based approach to develop the exchange-correlation potential of time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The neural network projection from the time-varying electron densities to the corresponding…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 Yasumitsu Suzuki , Ryo Nagai , Jun Haruyama

Spectroscopies that probe electronic excitations from core levels into unoccupied orbitals, such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, are widely used to gain insight into the electronic and chemical…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-12 Marcus Annegarn , Juhan Matthias Kahk , Johannes Lischner
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