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In this paper we consider the problem of voltage regulation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell connected to an uncertain load through a boost converter. We show that, in spite of the inherent nonlinearities in the current-voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-20 Rafael Cisneros , Romeo Ortega , Carlo A. Beltrán , Diego Langarica-Córdoba , Luis H. Díaz-Saldierna

Using the policy gradient algorithm, we train a single-hidden-layer neural network to balance a physically accurate simulation of a single inverted pendulum. The trained weights and biases can then be transferred to a physical agent, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Dylan Bates

We combine energy-stable and port-Hamiltonian (pH) systems to obtain energy-stable port-Hamiltonian (espH) systems. The idea is to extend the known energy-stable systems with an input-output port, which results in a pH formulation. One…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Patrick Buchfink , Silke Glas , Hans Zwart

In this paper, we develop a rigorous optimal control-theoretic approach to Transformer training that respects key structural constraints such as (i) realized-input-independence during execution, (ii) the ensemble control nature of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kağan Akman , Naci Saldı , Serdar Yüksel

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in various robotic tasks; however, its deployment in real-world scenarios, particularly in contact-rich environments, often overlooks critical safety and stability aspects.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Heng Zhang , Gokhan Solak , Sebastian Hjorth , Arash Ajoudani

A reinforcement learning (RL) control policy could fail in a new/perturbed environment that is different from the training environment, due to the presence of dynamic variations. For controlling systems with continuous state and action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Y. Cheng , P. Zhao , F. Wang , D. J. Block , N. Hovakimyan

We investigate the existence of solutions of reversible and irreversible port-Hamiltonian systems. To this end, we utilize the associated exergy, a function that is composed of the system's Hamiltonian and entropy, to prove global existence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-25 Willem Esterhuizen , Bernhard Maschke , Till Preuster , Manuel Schaller , Karl Worthmann

Model Predictive Control has been recently proposed as policy approximation for Reinforcement Learning, offering a path towards safe and explainable Reinforcement Learning. This approach has been investigated for Q-learning and actor-critic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-06 Sebastien Gros , Mario Zanon

Learning-based controllers leverage nonlinear couplings and enhance transients but seldom offer guarantees under tight input constraints. Robust feedback like sliding-mode control (SMC) provides these guarantees but is conservative in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Imran Sayyed , Nandan Kumar Sinha

The ability to predict trajectories of surrounding agents and obstacles is a crucial component in many robotic applications. Data-driven approaches are commonly adopted for state prediction in scenarios where the underlying dynamics are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Kaiyuan Tan , Peilun Li , Jun Wang , Thomas Beckers

A reinforcement learning (RL) policy trained in a nominal environment could fail in a new/perturbed environment due to the existence of dynamic variations. Existing robust methods try to obtain a fixed policy for all envisioned dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Yikun Cheng , Pan Zhao , Manan Gandhi , Bo Li , Evangelos Theodorou , Naira Hovakimyan

In this paper we design discrete port-Hamiltonian systems systematically in two different ways, by applying discrete gradient methods and splitting methods respectively. The discrete port-Hamiltonian systems we get satisfy a discrete notion…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Elena Celledoni , Eirik Hoel Høiseth

This paper presents a systematic methodology for the discretization and reduction of a class of one-dimensional Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with inputs and outputs collocated at the spatial boundaries. The class of system that we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Jesus-Pablo Toledo-Zucco , Denis Matignon , Charles Poussot-Vassal , Yann Le Gorrec

We propose a physics-informed neural network policy iteration (PINN-PI) framework for solving stochastic optimal control problems governed by second-order Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman (HJB) equations. At each iteration, a neural network is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yeongjong Kim , Yeoneung Kim , Minseok Kim , Namkyeong Cho

Accurately learning the temporal behavior of dynamical systems requires models with well-chosen learning biases. Recent innovations embed the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalisms into neural networks and demonstrate a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Shaan Desai , Marios Mattheakis , David Sondak , Pavlos Protopapas , Stephen Roberts

The inherent complexity of living cells as production units creates major challenges for maintaining stable and optimal bioprocess conditions, especially in open Photobioreactors (PBRs) exposed to fluctuating environments. To address this,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Juan D. Gil , Ehecatl Antonio Del Rio Chanona , José L. Guzmán , Manuel Berenguel

Transient stability is crucial to the reliable operation of power systems. Existing theories rely on the simplified electromechanical models, substituting the detailed electromagnetic dynamics of inductor and capacitor with their impedance…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-17 Xinyuan Jiang , Constantino M. Lagoa , Yan Li

We focus on developing efficient and reliable policy optimization strategies for robot learning with real-world data. In recent years, policy gradient methods have emerged as a promising paradigm for training control policies in simulation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Tyler Westenbroek , Jacob Levy , David Fridovich-Keil

This paper presents a boundary control scheme for prescribed-time (PT) stable of flexible string systems via backstepping method, and the dynamics of such systems modeled by Hamilton's principle is described as second-order hyperbolic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Chuan Zhang , He Yang , Fei Wang , Tuo Zhou

Model predictive control (MPC) is a powerful tool for controlling complex nonlinear systems under constraints, but often struggles with model uncertainties and the design of suitable cost functions. To address these challenges, we discuss…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Sebastian Hirt , Andreas Höhl , Johannes Pohlodek , Joachim Schaeffer , Maik Pfefferkorn , Richard D. Braatz , Rolf Findeisen