Related papers: Leading Questions in an Extended Standard Model
We show that if the Standard Model gauge fields and fermions propagate in extra dimenions, a composite Higgs field with the correct quantum number can arise naturally as a bound state due to the strong gauge interactions in higher…
By invoking the existence of a general custodial O(2) symmetry, a minimal Left-Right symmetric model based on the gauge group G=SU(2)L SU(2)R U(1)BL is shown to require the existence of only two physical Higgs bosons. The lighter Higgs is…
Since the discovery of a Higgs particle the effective Higgs potential of the Standard Model or extensions and the stability of the ground state corresponding to its minimum at the electroweak scale have been subject to a lot of…
The unification of general relativity and standard model for strong and electro-weak interactions is considered on the base of the conformal symmetry principle. The Penrose-Chernikov-Tagirov Lagrangian is used to describe the Higgs scalar…
We present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the General Standard Model (GSM), a recently proposed framework that unifies particle physics and cosmology within the Gravitational Quantum Field Theory (GQFT). Constructed from first…
We explore the possibility that the Higgs boson of the standard model be actually a member of a larger family, by showing that a more elaborate internal structure naturally arises from geometrical arguments, in the context of a partly…
The framed standard model (FSM) suggested earlier, which incorporates the Higgs field and 3 fermion generations as part of the framed gauge theory structure, is here developed further to show that it gives both quarks and leptons…
Symmetries play an essential role in the construction and phenomenology of quantum field theories (QFTs). We discuss how to construct symmetries of QFTs by extending minimal "seed" symmetry groups to larger groups that contain the seed(s)…
We reevaluate the status of the gauge principle and reposition it as an intermediary structure dependent on the initial conditions we endow on our theory. We explore how the gauge symmetry manifests in the context of basic quantum…
We present bounds on the Higgs mass in the Standard Model and in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model using the effective potential with next-to-leading logarithms resummed by the renormalization group equations, and physical (pole)…
Manifest gauge-invariance requires that observable states in the standard-model are described by composite operators, which involve additional Higgs contributions beyond perturbation theory. This field-theoretical effect has been confirmed…
In this letter, we introduce a new approach to formulate the family structure of the standard model. Trying to mimic the highly contrained representation structure of the standard model while extending the symmetry, we propose a…
A geometric approach to the standard model in terms of the Clifford algebra $% C\ell_{7}$ is advanced. The gauge symmetries and charge assignments of the fundamental fermions are seen to arise from a simple geometric model involving extra…
An extension of the Standard Model is proposed, where the Higgs field is valued in the complex projective plane ${\mathbb{CP}}^2$, rather than ${\mathbb{C}}^2$. Its geometry is consistent with $U(2) \simeq (SU(2) \times U(1))/ \mathbb{Z}_2$…
Quantum Field Theory (QFT) forms the bedrock of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, a powerful framework that delineates the fundamental constituents and interactions of the universe. However, the SM's narrative is incomplete, as…
There are exactly three finite subgroups of SU(2) that act irreducibly in the spin 1 representation, namely the binary tetrahedral, binary octahedral and binary icosahedral groups. In previous papers I have shown how the binary tetrahedral…
The Standard Model of particle physics describes electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, which are three of the four known fundamental forces of nature. The unification of the fourth interaction, gravity, with the Standard Model has…
Recently, a gauge theory of unified gravity [Rep. Prog. Phys. 88, 057802 (2025)] has been developed to extend the Standard Model to include gravity. Here we present unified gravity using the ordinary four-vector and tensor field notation of…
Recently in connection with Superstring theory E_8 and E_6 unifications became very promising. In the present paper we have investigated a number of available paths from the Standard Model (SM) to the E_6 unification, considering a chain of…
We discuss a supersymmetric extension of the standard model with an extra U(1) gauge symmetry. In this model, the proton stability is guaranteed by the gauge symmetry without invoking R parity. The gauge symmetry breakdown automatically…