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Related papers: Chemical tagging and the second r-process

200 papers

Extensive progress has been recently made into our understanding of heavy element production via the $r$-process in the Universe, specifically with the first observed neutron star binary merger (NSBM) event associated with the gravitational…

We present quantitative predictions for the abundances of r-process elements in stars formed very early in the Galactic history using a phenomenological two-component r-process model based on the I129 and Hf182 inventory in the early solar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Y. -Z. Qian , G. J. Wasserburg

We present a detailed abundance analysis of the bright (V = 9.02), metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -1.47 +/- 0.08) field red horizontal-branch star HD 222925, which was observed as part of an ongoing survey by the R-Process Alliance. We calculate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 Ian U. Roederer , Charli M. Sakari , Vinicius M. Placco , Timothy C. Beers , Rana Ezzeddine , Anna Frebel , Terese T. Hansen

Palladium is one of poorly observed neutron-capture elements. Abundance determinations for stellar samples covering a broad metallicity range are needed for better understanding the mechanisms of Pd synthesis during the Galaxy evolution. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 L. Mashonkina , A. Smogorzhevskii

We report chemical abundances of Na, Al, Zr, La, Nd, and Eu for 39 red giant branch (RGB) stars and 23 potential inner disk red clump stars located in Plaut-s low extinction window. We also measure lithium for a super Li-rich RGB star. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Christian I. Johnson , R. Michael Rich , Chiaki Kobayashi , Jon P. Fulbright

Low-metallicity stars preserve the signatures of the first stellar nucleosynthesis events in the Galaxy, as their surface abundances reflect the composition of the interstellar medium from which they were born. Aside from primordial Big…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-25 Khalil Farouqi , Anna Frebel , Friedrich-Karl Thielemann

A long-standing scientific puzzle has been to explain the origin of the heaviest elements in the Universe and, more particularly, the production of the elements heavier than iron up to uranium. The rapid neutron capture process (or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-14 Ina K. B. Kullmann

With the most trans-iron elements detected of any star outside the Solar System, HD 222925 represents the most complete chemical inventory among r-process-enhanced, metal-poor stars. While the abundance pattern of the heaviest elements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-28 Erika M. Holmbeck , Rebecca Surman , Ian U. Roederer , G. C. McLaughlin , Anna Frebel

About half of the heavy elements in the Solar System were created by rapid neutron capture, or r-process, nucleosynthesis. In the r-process, heavy elements are built up via a sequence of neutron captures and beta decays in which an intense…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 R. Surman , M. Mumpower , J. Cass , A. Aprahamian

Context. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the most abundant elements throughout the universe, after hydrogen and helium. Studying these elements in low-metallicity stars can provide crucial information on the chemical composition in the…

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in the Galactic Halo display enrichments in heavy elements associated with either the s (slow) or the r (rapid) neutron-capture process (e.g., barium and europium respectively), and in some cases they…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Melanie Hampel , Richard J. Stancliffe , Maria Lugaro , Bradley S. Meyer

We report the first extensive study of stellar Rb abundances. High-resolution spectra have been used to determine, or set upper limits on, the abundances of this heavy element and the associated elements Y, Zr, and Ba in 44 dwarfs and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Jocelyn Tomkin , David L. Lambert

The [Ba/Eu] abundance ratio is commonly adopted as a tracer of the relative contributions of the slow (s) and rapid (r) neutron-capture processes. However, at [Fe/H] < -2 dex, Ba can be produced efficiently by both processes, rendering…

The s-enhanced and very metal-poor star CS 30322-023 shows a puzzling abundance pattern of the neutron-capture elements, i.e. several neutron-capture elements such as Ba, Pb etc. show enhancement, but other neutron-capture elements such as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-05 W. Y. Cui , B. Zhang , K. Ma , L. Zhang

We investigate the enrichment of europium, as a representative of r-process elements, in the Galactic halo. In present chemical evolution models, stars are assumed to be formed through shock processes by supernovae (SNe). The enrichment of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Yuhri Ishimaru , Shinya Wanajo

Several circumstantial arguments point to the formation of the third r-process peak at A about 190, near platinum, in stars of mass of about 8-10 solar masses: 1) The delayed production of europium with respect to iron imposes a time scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. Craig Wheeler , John J. Cowan , Wolfgang Hillebrandt

In this study, abundances of the neutron-capture elements Rb, Sr, and Zr are derived, for the first time, in a sample of nearby M dwarfs. We focus on stars in the metallicity range -0.5<[Fe/H]<+0.3, an interval poorly explored for Rb…

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars are an excellent test bed by which to set new constraints on models of neutron-capture processes at low metallicity. Some r-process-rich (hereafter r-rich) metal-poor stars, such as HD221170, show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-25 Jiang Zhang , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

The actinides, including thorium (Th), are the heaviest observable elements synthesized in the universe, holding clues to the extremes of the astrophysical and nuclear conditions of $r$-process sites. We present Th abundances based on…

The considerable scatter of the s- and r-process elements observed in low-metallicity stars, compared to the small star to star scatter observed for the alpha elements, is an open question for the chemical evolution studies. We have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Cescutti