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A new generation of interferometric instruments is emerging which aim to use intensity mapping of redshifted $21\,$cm radiation to measure the large-scale structure of the Universe at $z\simeq 1-2$ over wide areas of sky. While these…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-16 Martin White , Nikhil Padmanabhan

In general, synthesis models provide the mean value of the distribution of possible integrated luminosities, this distribution (and not only its mean value) being the actual description of the integrated luminosity. Therefore, to obtain the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 M. Cervino , V. Luridiana

Long baseline interferometry of microlensing events can resolve the individual images of the source produced by the lens, which combined with the modelling of the microlensing light curve, leads to the exact lens mass and distance.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-23 A. Cassan

Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy (SHS) is a relatively novel interferometric technique similar to the Fourier transform spectroscopy with heritage from the Michelson Interferometer. An imaging detector is used at the output of a SHS to…

Astronomical imaging remains noise-limited under practical observing conditions. Standard calibration pipelines remove structured artifacts but largely leave stochastic noise unresolved. Although learning-based denoising has shown strong…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Shuhong Liu , Xining Ge , Ziying Gu , Quanfeng Xu , Lin Gu , Ziteng Cui , Xuangeng Chu , Jun Liu , Dong Li , Tatsuya Harada

The inverse imaging task in radio interferometry is a key limiting factor to retrieving Bayesian uncertainties in radio astronomy in a computationally effective manner. We use a score-based prior derived from optical images of galaxies to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-01 Noe Dia , M. J. Yantovski-Barth , Alexandre Adam , Micah Bowles , Pablo Lemos , Anna M. M. Scaife , Yashar Hezaveh , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

Aperture array interferometers, such as that proposed for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), will see the entire sky, hence the standard approach to simulating visibilities will not be applicable since it relies on a tangent plane…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-09-11 J. D. McEwen , A. M. M. Scaife

Baseline calibration of a stellar interferometer is a prerequisite to data reduction of astrometric operations. This technique of astrometry is triangulation of star positions. Since angles are deduced from the baseline and delay side of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-16 Richard J. Mathar

This paper develops a new empirical Bayesian inference algorithm for solving a linear inverse problem given multiple measurement vectors (MMV) of under-sampled and noisy observable data. Specifically, by exploiting the joint sparsity across…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Jiahui Zhang , Anne Gelb , Theresa Scarnati

This article is written to serve as an introduction and survey of imaging with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The reader will benefit from having some familiarity with harmonic analysis, electromagnetic radiation, and inverse problems.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-24 Toby Sanders , Christian Dwyer , Rodrigo B. Platte

Hyperspectral pansharpening consists of fusing a high-resolution panchromatic band and a low-resolution hyperspectral image to obtain a new image with high resolution in both the spatial and spectral domains. These remote sensing products…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Matteo Ciotola , Giuseppe Guarino , Gemine Vivone , Giovanni Poggi , Jocelyn Chanussot , Antonio Plaza , Giuseppe Scarpa

This work discusses an extension to conventional low-coherence interferometry by the introduction of dispersion-encoding. The extension facilitates the measurement of surface height profiles with sub-nm resolution. The selection of a…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-24 Christopher Taudt

Accurate beam modeling is important in many radio astronomy applications. In this paper, we focus on beam modeling for 21-cm intensity mapping experiments using radio interferometers, though the techniques also apply to single dish…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 Michael J. Wilensky , Philip Bull , Nicolas Fagnoni

In recent years, there has been a proliferation of wide-field sky surveys to search for a variety of transient objects. Using relatively short focal lengths, the optics of these systems produce undersampled stellar images often marred by a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Fang Yuan , Carl W. Akerlof

Imaging below the diffraction limit is always a public interest because of the restricted resolution of conventional imaging systems. To beat the limit, evanescent harmonics decaying in space must participate in the imaging process. Here,…

Optics · Physics 2019-10-02 Tie-Jun Huang , Li-Zheng Yin , Ya Shuang , Jiang-Yu Liu , Yunhua Tan , Pu-Kun Liu

Many signal and image processing applications have benefited remarkably from the fact that the underlying signals reside in a low dimensional subspace. One of the main models for such a low dimensionality is the sparsity one. Within this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-25 Raja Giryes

We propose a new instrumental concept for long-baseline optical single-mode interferometry using integrated optics which were developed for telecommunication. Visible and infrared multi-aperture interferometry requires many optical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Malbet , P. Kern , I. Schanen-Duport , J. -P. Berger , K. Rousselet-Perraut

Anomaly detection plays a pivotal role in manufacturing quality control, yet its application is constrained by limited abnormal samples and high manual annotation costs. While anomaly synthesis offers a promising solution, existing studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qunyi Zhang , Songan Zhang , Jiaqi Liu , Jinbao Wang , Xiaoning Lei , Guoyang Xie , Guannan Jiang , Zhichao Lu

Earth observing satellites carrying multi-spectral sensors are widely used to monitor the physical and biological states of the atmosphere, land, and oceans. These satellites have different vantage points above the earth and different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Thomas Vandal , Daniel McDuff , Weile Wang , Andrew Michaelis , Ramakrishna Nemani

A radio interferometer indirectly measures the intensity distribution of the sky over the celestial sphere. Since measurements are made over an irregularly sampled Fourier plane, synthesising an intensity image from interferometric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-18 Daniel Muscat