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Quantum state tomography (QST) aiming at reconstructing the density matrix of a quantum state plays an important role in various emerging quantum technologies. Recognizing the challenges posed by imperfect measurement data, we develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Hailan Ma , Daoyi Dong , Ian R. Petersen , Chang-Jiang Huang , Guo-Yong Xiang

Quantum sensing encompasses highly promising techniques with diverse applications including noise-reduced imaging, super-resolution microscopy as well as imaging and spectroscopy in challenging spectral ranges. These detection schemes use…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Felix Riexinger , Mirco Kutas , Björn Haase , Michael Bortz , Georg von Freymann

Accurate methods of assessing the performance of quantum gates are extremely important. Quantum process tomography and randomized benchmarking are the current favored methods. Quantum process tomography gives detailed information, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Austin G. Fowler , D. Sank , J. Kelly , R. Barends , John M. Martinis

Quantum state tomography (QST), the process of reconstructing some unknown quantum state $\hat\rho$ from repeated measurements on copies of said state, is a foundationally important task in the context of quantum computation and simulation.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Nathan Keenan , John Goold , Alex Nico-Katz

The detrimental effect of noise accumulates as quantum computers grow in size. In the case where devices are too small or noisy to perform error correction, error mitigation may be used. Error mitigation does not increase the fidelity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Cristina Cirstoiu , Silas Dilkes , Daniel Mills , Seyon Sivarajah , Ross Duncan

Quantum computation has made considerable progress in the last decade with multiple emerging technologies providing proof-of-principle experimental demonstrations of such calculations. However, these experimental demonstrations of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Samudra Dasgupta , Travis S. Humble

Quantum error correction can reduce the effects of noise in quantum systems, e.g. in metrology or most notably in quantum computing. Typically, this requires making measurements that provide information about the errors that have occurred…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-12 Christian Wimmer , Jochen Szangolies , Michael Epping

We realize on an Atom-Chip a practical, experimentally undemanding, tomographic reconstruction algorithm relying on the time-resolved measurements of the atomic population distribution among atomic internal states. More specifically, we…

Tomograms are obtained as probability distributions and are used to reconstruct a quantum state from experimentally measured values. We study the evolution of tomograms for different quantum systems, both finite and infinite dimensional. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Kishore Thapliyal , Subhashish Banerjee , Anirban Pathak

Quantum simulators are widely seen as one of the most promising near-term applications of quantum technologies. However, it remains unclear to what extent a noisy device can output reliable results in the presence of unavoidable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-17 Pablo M. Poggi , Nathan K. Lysne , Kevin W. Kuper , Ivan H. Deutsch , Poul S. Jessen

As quantum computing continues to mature, more developers are designing, coding, and simulating quantum circuits. A challenge exists, however, in debugging quantum circuits, particularly as they scale in size and complexity. Given the lack…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Jocelyn Li , Ella Rubinshtein , Margaret Martonosi

The purpose of quantum tomography is to determine an unknown quantum state from measurement outcome statistics. There are two obvious ways to generalize this setting. First, our task need not be the determination of any possible input state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-11 Claudio Carmeli , Teiko Heinosaari , Jussi Schultz , Alessandro Toigo

The goal of self-testing is to characterize an a priori unknown quantum system based solely on measurement statistics, i.e. using an uncharacterized measurement device. Here we develop self-testing methods for quantum prepare-and-measure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Armin Tavakoli , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Tamás Vértesi , Denis Rosset , Nicolas Brunner

Computing the state of a quantum mechanical many-body system composed of indistinguishable particles distributed over a multitude of modes is one of the paradigmatic test cases of computational complexity theory: Beyond well-understood…

Quantum simulation is a potentially powerful application of quantum computing, holding the promise to be able to emulate interesting quantum systems beyond the reach of classical computing methods. Despite such promising applications, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-07 Kaelyn J. Ferris , A. J. Rasmusson , Nicholas T. Bronn , Olivia Lanes

Benchmarking is how the performance of a computing system is determined. Surprisingly, even for classical computers this is not a straightforward process. One must choose the appropriate benchmark and metrics to extract meaningful results.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-07 Salonik Resch , Ulya R. Karpuzcu

The experimental realization of increasingly complex synthetic quantum systems calls for the development of general theoretical methods, to validate and fully exploit quantum resources. Quantum-state tomography (QST) aims at reconstructing…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-05-17 Giacomo Torlai , Guglielmo Mazzola , Juan Carrasquilla , Matthias Troyer , Roger Melko , Giuseppe Carleo

Quantum state tomography is the problem of estimating a given quantum state. Usually, it is required to run the quantum experiment - state preparation, state evolution, measurement - several times to be able to estimate the output quantum…

General Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Shibdas Roy , Filippo Caruso , Srushti Patil , Anumita Mukhopadhyay

Recently quantum tomography has been proposed as a fundamental tool for prototyping a few qubit quantum device. It allows the complete reconstruction of the state produced from a given input into the device. From this reconstructed density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. T. Thew , K. Nemoto , A. G. White , W. J. Munro

Quantum tomography is a procedure to determine the quantum state of a physical system, or equivalently, to estimate the expectation value of any operator. It consists in appropriately averaging the outcomes of the measurement results of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 G. M. D'Ariano , L. Maccone , M. F. Sacchi