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We study the distribution over measurement outcomes of noisy random quantum circuits in the low-fidelity regime. We show that, for local noise that is sufficiently weak and unital, correlations (measured by the linear cross-entropy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-01 Alexander M. Dalzell , Nicholas Hunter-Jones , Fernando G. S. L. Brandão

Random unitaries are useful in quantum information and related fields, but hard to generate with limited resources. An approximate unitary $k$-design is an ensemble of unitaries with an underlying measure over which the average is close to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Nicholas LaRacuente , Felix Leditzky

Random unitaries are a central object of study in quantum information, with applications to quantum computation, quantum many-body physics, and quantum cryptography. Recent work has constructed unitary designs and pseudorandom unitaries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Ben Foxman , Natalie Parham , Francisca Vasconcelos , Henry Yuen

Linear Nearest Neighbor (LNN) synthesis in reversible circuits has emerged as an important issue in terms of technological implementation for quantum computation. The objective is to obtain a LNN architecture with minimum gate cost. As…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Amlan Chakrabarti , Susmita Sur-Kolay , Ayan Chaudhury

Compiling quantum circuits into Clifford+$T$ gates is a central task for fault-tolerant quantum computing using stabilizer codes. In the near term, $T$ gates will dominate the cost of fault tolerant implementations, and any reduction in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Daniele Lizzio Bosco , Lukasz Cincio , Giuseppe Serra , M. Cerezo

Random quantum states have various applications in quantum information science. We discover a new ensemble of quantum states that serve as an $\epsilon$-approximate state $t$-design while possessing extremely low entanglement, magic, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Wonjun Lee , Minki Hhan , Gil Young Cho , Hyukjoon Kwon

Many quantum algorithms for ground-state preparation and energy estimation require the implementation of high-degree polynomials of a Hamiltonian to achieve better convergence rates. Their circuit implementation typically relies on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-25 Youngjun Park , Minhyeok Kang , Chae-Yeun Park , Joonsuk Huh

It is widely accepted that noisy quantum devices are limited to logarithmic depth circuits unless mid-circuit measurements and error correction are employed. However, this conclusion holds only for unital error channels, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Oles Shtanko , Kunal Sharma

We investigate the theoretical limits of the effect of the quantum interaction distance on the speed of exact quantum addition circuits. For this study, we exploit graph embedding for quantum circuit analysis. We study a logical mapping of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-17 Byung-Soo Choi , Rodney Van Meter

Given L-qubit states with the fixed spectra of reduced one-qubit density matrices, we find a formula for the minimal number of invariant polynomials needed for solving local unitary (LU) equivalence problem, that is, problem of deciding if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-18 Tomasz Maciazek , Michał Oszmaniec , Adam Sawicki

We contribute a 2D nearest-neighbor quantum architecture for Shor's algorithm to factor an $n$-bit number in $O(\log^2(n))$ depth. Our implementation uses parallel phase estimation, constant-depth fanout and teleportation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-23 Paul Pham , Krysta M. Svore

While a couple of impressive quantum technologies have been proposed, they have several intrinsic limitations which must be considered by circuit designers to produce realizable circuits. Limited interaction distance between gate qubits is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-06 Mehdi Saeedi , Robert Wille , Rolf Drechsler

We show that any pseudoentangled state ensemble with a gap of $t$ bits of entropy requires $\Omega(t)$ non-Clifford gates to prepare. This bound is tight up to polylogarithmic factors if linear-time quantum-secure pseudorandom functions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Sabee Grewal , Vishnu Iyer , William Kretschmer , Daniel Liang

For a random set $\mathcal{S} \subset U(d)$ of quantum gates we provide bounds on the probability that $\mathcal{S}$ forms a $\delta$-approximate $t$-design. In particular we have found that for $\mathcal{S}$ drawn from an exact $t$-design…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Piotr Dulian , Adam Sawicki

One of the challenges in quantum computing is the synthesis of unitary operators into quantum circuits with polylogarithmic gate complexity. Exact synthesis of generic unitaries requires an exponential number of gates in general. We propose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-24 Daan Camps , Roel Van Beeumen

We propose a quantum computation architecture based on geometries with nearest-neighbor interactions, including e.g. planar structures. We show how to efficiently split the role of qubits into data and entanglement-generation qubits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Wolfgang Dür

Understanding how fast physical systems can resemble Haar-random unitaries is a fundamental question in physics. Many experiments of interest in quantum gravity and many-body physics, including the butterfly effect in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Thomas Schuster , Fermi Ma , Alex Lombardi , Fernando Brandao , Hsin-Yuan Huang

Efficient and high-performance quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Low-depth random circuits offer a promising approach to identifying effective and practical encoding strategies. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Guoding Liu , Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

We characterize the expressive power of quantum circuits with the pseudo-dimension, a measure of complexity for probabilistic concept classes. We prove pseudo-dimension bounds on the output probability distributions of quantum circuits; the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-10 Matthias C. Caro , Ishaun Datta

In this paper, we develop a Lie group theoretic approach for parametric representation of unitary matrices. This leads to develop a quantum neural network framework for quantum circuit approximation of multi-qubit unitary gates. Layers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Rohit Sarma Sarkar , Bibhas Adhikari
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