Related papers: Subtraction makes computing integers faster
In this paper, we consider a generalized longest common subsequence problem with multiple substring inclusive constraints. For the two input sequences $X$ and $Y$ of lengths $n$ and $m$, and a set of $d$ constraints $P=\{P_1,\cdots,P_d\}$…
Non-parametric entropy estimation on sequential data is a fundamental tool in signal processing, capturing information flow within or between processes to measure predictability, redundancy, or similarity. Methods based on longest common…
Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems are encountered in modeling a physical/industrial process consisting both nonlinearity and discrete selective parameters. There are variety of algorithms for solving MINLP problems most…
We consider space-saving versions of several important operations on univariate polynomials, namely power series inversion and division, division with remainder, multi-point evaluation, and interpolation. Now-classical results show that…
Reasoning large language models (LLMs) heavily rely on scaling test-time compute to perform complex reasoning tasks by generating extensive "thinking" chains. While demonstrating impressive results, this approach incurs significant…
Logarithmic number systems (LNS) are used to represent real numbers in many applications using a constant base raised to a fixed-point exponent making its distribution exponential. This greatly simplifies hardware multiply, divide and…
We investigate the question whether Subset Sum can be solved by a polynomial-time algorithm with access to a certificate of length poly(k) where k is the maximal number of bits in an input number. In other words, can it be solved using only…
We analyze the computational efficiency of approximate Bayesian computation (ABC), which approximates a likelihood function by drawing pseudo-samples from the associated model. For the rejection sampling version of ABC, it is known that…
Given a multiset $S$ of $n$ positive integers and a target integer $t$, the subset sum problem is to decide if there is a subset of $S$ that sums up to $t$. We present a new divide-and-conquer algorithm that computes all the realizable…
A matrix algorithm runs superfast (aka at sublinear cost) if it involves much fewer flops and memory cells than an input matrix has entries. Big Data are frequently represented by matrices of immense sizes that cannot be handled directly…
We solve the problems of detecting and counting various forms of regularities in a string represented as a Straight Line Program (SLP). Given an SLP of size $n$ that represents a string $s$ of length $N$, our algorithm compute all runs and…
Recent advances in test-time scaling suggest that Large Language Models (LLMs) can gain better capabilities by generating Chain-of-Thought reasoning (analogous to human thinking) to respond a given request, and meanwhile exploring more…
Bayesian online algorithms for Sum-Product Networks (SPNs) need to update their posterior distribution after seeing one single additional instance. To do so, they must compute moments of the model parameters under this distribution. The…
This survey highlights the recent advances in algorithms for numerical linear algebra that have come from the technique of linear sketching, whereby given a matrix, one first compresses it to a much smaller matrix by multiplying it by a…
A sparse linear programming (SLP) problem is a linear programming problem equipped with a sparsity (or cardinality) constraint, which is nonconvex and discontinuous theoretically and generally NP-hard computationally due to the…
We show how to solve a number of problems in numerical linear algebra, such as least squares regression, $\ell_p$-regression for any $p \geq 1$, low rank approximation, and kernel regression, in time $T(A) \poly(\log(nd))$, where for a…
The storage and computation requirements of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be prohibitive for exploiting these models over low-power or embedded devices. This paper reduces the computational complexity of the CNNs by minimizing an…
We consider the longest common subsequence (LCS) problem with the restriction that the common subsequence is required to consist of at least $k$ length substrings. First, we show an $O(mn)$ time algorithm for the problem which gives a…
This paper shows that a simple algorithm produces the {\em all-prefixes-LCSs-graph} in $O(mn)$ time for two input sequences of size $m$ and $n$. Given any prefix $p$ of the first input sequence and any prefix $q$ of the second input…
Lattice reduction algorithms have numerous applications in number theory, algebra, as well as in cryptanalysis. The most famous algorithm for lattice reduction is the LLL algorithm. In polynomial time it computes a reduced basis with…