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Given a graph $G = (V,E)$, a \emph{perfect dominating set} is a subset of vertices $V' \subseteq V(G)$ such that each vertex $v \in V(G)\setminus V'$ is dominated by exactly one vertex $v' \in V'$. An \emph{efficient dominating set} is a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Min Chih Lin , Michel J. Mizrahi , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

Given a finite number of samples of a continuous set-valued function F, mapping an interval to non-empty compact subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $F: [a,b] \to K(\mathbb{R}^d)$, we discuss the problem of computing good approximations of F. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Nira Dyn , David Levin

There are many variations on partition functions for graph homomorphisms or colorings. The case considered here is a counting or hard constraint problem in which the range or color graph carries a free and vertex transitive Abelian group…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-06 Eric Babson , Matthias Beck

Let $S$ be a connected graph which contains an induced path of $n-1$ vertices, where $n$ is the order of $S.$ We consider a puzzle on $S$. A configuration of the puzzle is simply an $n$-dimensional column vector over $\{0, 1\}$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-10-30 Hau-wen Huang , Chih-wen Weng

Let $G$ be a graph in which each edge is assigned one of the colours $1, 2, \ldots, m$, and let $\Gamma$ be a subgroup of $S_m$. The operation of switching at a vertex $x$ of $G$ with respect to an element $\pi$ of $\Gamma$ permutes the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Richard Brewster , Arnott Kidner , Gary MacGillivray

The efficient and fair distribution of indivisible resources among agents is a common problem in the field of \emph{Multi-Agent-Systems}. We consider a graph-based version of this problem called Reachable Assignments, introduced by Gourves,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Luis Müller , Matthias Bentert

This paper defines, for each graph $G$, a flag vector $fG$. The flag vectors of the graphs on $n$ vertices span a space whose dimension is $p(n)$, the number of partitions on $n$. The analogy with convex polytopes indicates that the linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Fine

The \emph{reconfiguration graph of the $k$-colourings} of a graph $G$, denoted $\mathcal{R}_k(G)$, is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-colourings of $G$ and two vertices of $\mathcal{R}_k(G)$ are joined by an edge if the colourings of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Manoj Belavadi , Kathie Cameron , Elias Hildred

We explore a reconfiguration version of the dominating set problem, where a dominating set in a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices such that each vertex is either in $S$ or has a neighbour in $S$. In a reconfiguration problem, the goal is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-31 Akira Suzuki , Amer E. Mouawad , Naomi Nishimura

A graph $G$ is called universal for a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$ if it contains every element $F \in \mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph. Let $\mathcal{F}(n,2)$ be the family of all graphs with maximum degree $2$. Ferber, Kronenberg, and Luh…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-19 Olaf Parczyk

\noindent Let $G$ be a simple graph. For any $k\in N$, the $k-$power of $G$ is a simple graph $G^k$ with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $\{xy:d_G(x,y)\leq k\}$ and the $k-$subdivision of $G$ is a simple graph $G^{\frac{1}{k}}$, which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-13 Moharram N. Iradmusa

We consider the capacitated domination problem, which models a service-requirement assigning scenario and which is also a generalization of the dominating set problem. In this problem, we are given a graph with three parameters defined on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-24 Mong-Jen Kao , D. T. Lee

A \emph{Stick graph} is an intersection graph of axis-aligned segments such that the left end-points of the horizontal segments and the bottom end-points of the vertical segments lie on a `ground line,' a line with slope $-1$. It is an open…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Felice De Luca , Md Iqbal Hossain , Stephen Kobourov , Anna Lubiw , Debajyoti Mondal

If $G$ is a graph, then $X\subseteq V(G)$ is a general position set if for every two vertices $v,u\in X$ and every shortest $(u,v)$-path $P$, it holds that no inner vertex of $P$ lies in $X$. In this note we propose three algorithms to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Zahra Hamed-Labbafian , Narjes Sabeghi , Mostafa Tavakoli , Sandi Klavžar

Graph signal processing has become an essential tool for analyzing data structured on irregular domains. While conventional graph shift operators (GSOs) are effective for certain tasks, they inherently lack flexibility in modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yunyan Zheng , Zhichao Zhang , Wei Yao

Consider a graph $G = (V, E)$ and a function $f: V \rightarrow \{0, 1, 2\}$. A vertex $u$ with $f(u)=0$ is defined as \emph{undefended} by $f$ if it lacks adjacency to any vertex with a positive $f$-value. The function $f$ is said to be a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Kaustav Paul , Ankit Sharma , Arti Pandey

The Gruenberg-Kegel graph $\Gamma(G)$ associated with a finite group $G$ has as vertices the prime divisors of $|G|$, with an edge from $p$ to $q$ if and only if $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. This graph has been the subject of much…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Peter J. Cameron , Natalia V. Maslova

Let $G$ be a graph whose edges are each assigned one of the $m$-colours $1, 2, \ldots, m$, and let $\Gamma$ be a subgroup of $S_m$. The operation of switching at a vertex $x$ with respect $\pi \in \Gamma$ permutes the colours of the edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Chris Duffy , Gary MacGillivray , Ben Tremblay

Let $p$ be an odd prime, $q=p^e$, $e\ge 1$, and $\mathbb{F} = \mathbb{F_q}$ denote the finite field of $q$ elements. Let $f: \mathbb{F}^2\to \mathbb{F}$ and $g: \mathbb{F}^3\to \mathbb{F}$ be functions, and let $P$ and $L$ be two copies of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Felix Lazebnik , Vladislav Taranchuk

We investigate the extent to which the exchange relation holds in finite groups $G$. We define a new equivalence relation $\equiv_{\mathrm{m}}$, where two elements are equivalent if each can be substituted for the other in any generating…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Peter J. Cameron , Andrea Lucchini , Colva M. Roney-Dougal