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The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be negative. ANEC can be used to rule out…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-23 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

The averaged null energy condition (ANEC) requires that the integral over a complete null geodesic of the stress-energy tensor projected onto the geodesic tangent vector is never negative. This condition is sufficient to prove many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Noah Graham , Ken D. Olum

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) requires that the average along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the geodesic tangent vector can never be negative. It is sufficient to rule out many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Christopher J. Fewster , Ken D. Olum , Michael J. Pfenning

Quantum inequalities are constraints on how negative the weighted average of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of a quantum field can be. A null-projected quantum inequality can be used to prove the averaged null energy condition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-16 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Ken D. Olum

A null line is a complete achronal null geodesic. It is proven that for any quantum fields minimally coupled to semiclassical Einstein gravity, the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) on null lines is a consequence of the generalized…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Aron C. Wall

The expected stress-energy tensor <T_{ab}> of quantum fields generically violates the local positive energy conditions of general relativity. However, <T_{ab}> may satisfy some nonlocal conditions such as the averaged null energy condition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Eanna Flanagan , Robert Wald

The averaged null energy condition has been recently shown to hold for linear quantum fields in a large class of spacetimes. Nevertheless, it is easy to show by using a simple scaling argument that ANEC as stated cannot hold generically in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Ulvi Yurtsever

The averaged null energy conditions (ANEC) states that, along a complete null curve, the negative energy fluctuations of a quantum field must be balanced by positive energy fluctuations. We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to prove the ANEC…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-24 William R. Kelly , Aron C. Wall

We consider averaged null energy conditions (ANEC) for strongly coupled quantum field theories in even (two and four) dimensional curved spacetimes by applying the no-bulk-shortcut principle in the context of the AdS/CFT duality. In the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-02 Norihiro Iizuka , Akihiro Ishibashi , Kengo Maeda

The averaged null energy condition has known violations for quantum fields in curved space, even if one considers only achronal geodesics. Many such examples involve rapid variation in the stress-energy tensor in the vicinity of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Douglas Urban , Ken D. Olum

Considerable interest has recently been expressed regarding the issue of whether or not quantum field theory on a fixed but curved background spacetime satisfies the averaged null energy condition (ANEC). A comment by Wald and Yurtsever…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Matt Visser

Recently, Larry Ford and Tom Roman have discovered that in a flat cylindrical space, although the stress-energy tensor itself fails to satisfy the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) along the (non-achronal) null geodesics, when the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Ulvi Yurtsever

We calculate the stress-energy tensor for a scalar field with general curvature coupling, outside a perfectly reflecting sphere with Dirichlet boundary conditions. For conformal coupling we find that the null energy condition is always…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Delia Schwartz-Perlov , Ken D. Olum

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is a conjectured bound on components $(T_{kk} = T_{ab} k^a k^b$) of the stress tensor along a null vector $k^a$ at a point $p$ in terms of a second $k$-derivative of the von Neumann entropy $S$ on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-12-29 Zicao Fu , Jason Koeller , Donald Marolf

Using Visser's semi-analytical model for the stress-energy tensor corresponding to the conformally coupled massless scalar field in the Unruh vacuum, we examine, by explicitly evaluating the relevant integrals over half-complete geodesics,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Hongwei Yu

In this paper the averaged weak (AWEC) and averaged null (ANEC) energy conditions, together with uncertainty principle-type restrictions on negative energy (``quantum inequalities''), are examined in the context of evaporating black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 L. H. Ford , Thomas A. Roman

The stress-energy tensor for the non-minimally coupled scalar field is known not to satisfy the pointwise energy conditions, even on the classical level. We show, however, that local averages of the classical stress-energy tensor satisfy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Lutz W. Osterbrink

We show that the averaged null energy condition can be violated by a conformally coupled scalar field in a conformally flat spacetime in 3+1 dimensions. The violation is dependent on the quantum state and can be made as large as desired. It…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-28 Douglas Urban , Ken D. Olum

Connections are uncovered between the averaged weak (AWEC) and averaged null (ANEC) energy conditions, and quantum inequality restrictions on negative energy for free massless scalar fields. In a two-dimensional compactified Minkowski…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 L. H. Ford , Thomas A. Roman

The null energy or null convergence condition (NEC) is one of the fundamental assumptions necessary for many celebrated results from Lorentzian Geometry and Mathematical General Relativity. As such there have been several recent efforts to…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Melanie Graf , Yaver Gulusoy
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