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In this article we review classical and recent results in anomalous diffusion and provide mechanisms useful for the study of the fundamentals of certain processes, mainly in condensed matter physics, chemistry and biology. Emphasis will be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-02-25 Fernando A. Oliveira , Rogelma M. S. Ferreira , Luciano C. Lapas , Mendeli H. Vainstein

The scaled Brownian motion (SBM) is regarded as one of the paradigmatic random processes, featuring the anomalous diffusion property characterized by the diffusion exponent. It is a Gaussian, self-similar process with independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Hubert Woszczek , Aleksei Chechkin , Agnieszka Wylomanska

We introduce the concept of Randomly Modulated Gaussian Processes as a unifying framework for modeling, analyzing and classifying anomalous diffusion models in heterogeneous media. This formulation incorporates correlations in the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Yann Lanoiselée , Denis S. Grebenkov , Gianni Pagnini

The diffusion process near low order synchro-betatron resonances driven by beam-beam interactions at a crossing angle is investigated. Macroscopic observables such as beam emittance, lifetime and beam profiles are calculated. These are…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Tanaji Sen

Many lamellar systems exhibit strongly anisotropic diffusion. When the diffusion across the lamellae is slow, an alternative mechanism for transverse transport becomes important. A tracer particle can propagate in the direction normal to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Victor Gurarie , Alexander E. Lobkovsky

We study the Brownian motion of a classical particle in one-dimensional inhomogeneous environments where the transition probabilities follow quasiperiodic or aperiodic distributions. Exploiting an exact correspondence with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Igloi , L. Turban , H. Rieger

Countless systems in biology, physics, and finance undergo diffusive dynamics. Many of these systems, including biomolecules inside cells, active matter systems and foraging animals, exhibit anomalous dynamics where the growth of the mean…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-11 Aykut Argun , Giovanni Volpe , Stefano Bo

Single-molecule localization microscopy allows practitioners to locate and track labeled molecules in biological systems. When extracting diffusion coefficients from the resulting trajectories, it is common practice to perform a linear fit…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-06-19 Jakob Tómas Bullerjahn , Gerhard Hummer

Heterogeneous media diffusion is often described using position-dependent diffusion coefficients and estimated indirectly through mean squared displacement in experiments. This approach may overlook other mechanisms and their interaction…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-09-11 Haroldo V. Ribeiro , Angel A. Tateishi , Ervin K. Lenzi , Richard L. Magin , Matjaz Perc

The transport equation of active motion is generalised to consider time-fractional dynamics for describing the anomalous diffusion of self-propelled particles observed in many different systems. In the present study, we consider an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-27 Francisco J. Sevilla , Guillermo Chacón-Acosta , Trifce Sandev

Based on the theory of continuous time random walks (CTRW), we build the models of characterizing the transitions among anomalous diffusions with different diffusion exponents, often observed in natural world. In the CTRW framework, we take…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-13 Trifce Sandev , Weihua Deng , Pengbo Xu

We investigate self-averaging properties in the transport of particles through random media. We show rigorously that in the subdiffusive anomalous regime transport coefficients are not self--averaging quantities. These quantities are…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 J. M. Lopez , M. A. Rodriguez , L. Pesquera

In recent years it was shown both theoretically and experimentally that in certain systems exhibiting anomalous diffusion the time and ensemble average mean squared displacement are remarkably different. The ensemble average diffusivity is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-12-20 Philipp Meyer , Eli Barkai , Holger Kantz

Diffusion and anomalous diffusion are widely observed and used to study movement across organisms, resulting in extensive use of the mean and mean-squared displacement (MSD). However, these measures - corresponding to specific displacement…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-14 Ohad Vilk , Motti Charter , Sivan Toledo , Eli Barkai , Ran Nathan

Anomalous diffusion occurs in a wide range of systems, including protein transport within cells, animal movement in complex habitats, pollutant dispersion in groundwater, and nanoparticle motion in synthetic materials. Accurately estimating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yusef Ahsini , Marc Escoto , J. Alberto Conejero

Diffusion of molecules in cells plays an important role in providing a biological reaction on the surface by finding a target on the membrane surface. The water retardation (slow diffusion) near the target assists the searching molecules to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-02 Takuma Akimoto , Kazuhiko Seki

The diffusion of macromolecules in cells and in complex fluids is often found to deviate from simple Fickian diffusion. One explanation offered for this behavior is that molecular crowding renders diffusion anomalous, where the mean-squared…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-05-18 Daniel S. Banks , Charmaine Tressler , Robert D. Peters , Felix Höfling , Cécile Fradin

The mean square displacement per collision of a molecule immersed in a gas at equilibrium is given by its mean square displacement between two consecutive collisions (mean square free path) corrected by a prefactor in the form of a series.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-07-03 Santos Bravo Yuste , Rubén Gómez González , Vicente Garzó

We study the transport properties of a system of active particles moving at constant speed in an heterogeneous two-dimensional space. The spatial heterogeneity is modeled by a random distribution of obstacles, which the active particles…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-10-23 Oleksandr Chepizhko , Fernando Peruani

We study diffusion of a particle in a system composed of K parallel channels, where the transition rates within the channels are quenched random variables whereas the inter-channel transition rate v is homogeneous. A variant of the strong…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Juhász , F. Iglói