Related papers: Some remarks about the domain statistics in the Is…
We describe the link between the Zipf law and statistical distributions for the Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters in Ising as well as Potts models. From these results it is seen that Zipf's law can be a criterion of a phase transition, but it does…
We use the Mandelbrot-Zipfs power law for the description of the inhomogenity of the spin system. We describe the statistical distributions of the domain's masses in the Ising model near the phase transition induced by the temperature. The…
Zipf's law, which states that the probability of an observation is inversely proportional to its rank, has been observed in many domains. While there are models that explain Zipf's law in each of them, those explanations are typically…
The Fortuin-Kasteleyn mapping between the Ising model and the site-bond correlated percolation model is shown to be only one of an infinite class of exact mappings. These new cluster representations are a result of "renormalized"…
The Zipf power law and its connection with the inhomogeneity of the system is investigated. We describe the statistical distributions of the domain masses in the Potts model near the temperature-induced phase transition. We found that the…
In the strong coupling limit the partition function of SU(2) gauge theory can be reduced to that of the continuous spin Ising model with nearest neighbour pair-interactions. The random cluster representation of the continuous spin Ising…
The Fortuin-Kasteleyn (FK) random cluster model, which can be exactly mapped from the $q$-state Potts spin model, is a correlated bond percolation model. By extensive Monte Carlo simulations, we study the FK bond representation of the…
Zipf's law describes the empirical size distribution of the components of many systems in natural and social sciences and humanities. We show, by solving a statistical model, that Zipf's law co-occurs with the maximization of the diversity…
In this second part of our survey on the social and natural distributions, we investigate some models, which intend to explain the statistical regularity of the natural and social distributions. There is a large variety of models and in…
The statistical mechanics method is developed for determination of generating function of like-sign spin clusters' size distribution in Ising model as modification of Ising-Potts model by K. K. Murata (1979). It is applied to the…
The spatial distribution of people exhibits clustering across a wide range of scales, from household ($\sim 10^{-2}$ km) to continental ($\sim 10^4$ km) scales. Empirical data indicates simple power-law scalings for the size distribution of…
Zipf's law is a hallmark of several complex systems with a modular structure, such as books composed by words or genomes composed by genes. In these component systems, Zipf's law describes the empirical power law distribution of component…
Power law distributions characterise several natural and social phenomena. The Zipf law for cities is one of those. The study views the question of whether that global regularity is independent of different spatial distributions of cities.…
We show that the laws of Zipf and Benford, obeyed by scores of numerical data generated by many and diverse kinds of natural phenomena and human activity are related to the focal expression of a generalized thermodynamic structure. This…
Zipf's law is the most common statistical distribution displaying scaling behavior. Cities, populations or firms are just examples of this seemingly universal law. Although many different models have been proposed, no general theoretical…
This paper studies the limits of language models' statistical learning in the context of Zipf's law. First, we demonstrate that Zipf-law token distribution emerges irrespective of the chosen tokenization. Second, we show that Zipf…
An important body of quantitative linguistics is constituted by a series of statistical laws about language usage. Despite the importance of these linguistic laws, some of them are poorly formulated, and, more importantly, there is no…
The Zipf's law is the major regularity of statistical linguistics that served as a prototype for rank-frequency relations and scaling laws in natural sciences. Here we show that the Zipf's law -- together with its applicability for a single…
A new angle of view is proposed to find the simple rules dominating complex systems and regular patterns behind random phenomena such as cities. Hierarchy of cities reflects the ubiquitous structure frequently observed in the natural world…
We investigate the origin of Zipf's law for words in written texts by means of a stochastic dynamical model for text generation. The model incorporates both features related to the general structure of languages and memory effects inherent…