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In this paper, we study the geometry induced by the Fisher-Rao metric on the parameter space of Dirichlet distributions. We show that this space is geodesically complete and has everywhere negative sectional curvature. An important…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-11-20 Alice Le Brigant , Stephen Preston , Stéphane Puechmorel

Much evidence from biological theory and empirical data indicates that, gene tree, phylogenetic trees reconstructed from different genes (loci), do not have to have exactly the same tree topologies. Such incongruence between gene trees…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-13 Ruriko Yoshida , David Barnhill , Keiji Miura , Daniel Howe

For most optimisation methods an essential assumption is the vector space structure of the feasible set. This condition is not fulfilled if we consider optimisation problems over the sphere. We present an algorithm for solving a special…

Computation · Statistics 2018-02-27 Gabriele Eichfelder , Thomas Hotz , Johannes Wieditz

Fr\'echet regression extends classical regression methods to non-Euclidean metric spaces, enabling the analysis of data relationships on complex structures such as manifolds and graphs. This work establishes a rigorous theoretical analysis…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-05 Masanari Kimura , Howard Bondell

The selection of the most suitable evolutionary model to analyze the given molecular data is usually left to biologist's choice. In his famous book, J Felsenstein suggested that certain linear equations satisfied by the expected…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-11-20 Marta Casanellas , Jesus Fernandez-Sanchez , Anna Kedzierska

We observe $n$ sequences at each of $m$ sites, and assume that they have evolved from an ancestral sequence that forms the root of a binary tree of known topology and branch lengths, but the sequence states at internal nodes are unknown.…

Computation · Statistics 2014-08-28 Adam Persing , Ajay Jasra , Alexandros Beskos , David Balding , Maria De Iorio

Modelling the substitution of nucleotides along a phylogenetic tree is usually done by a hidden Markov process. This allows to define a distribution of characters at the leaves of the trees and one might be able to obtain polynomial…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-12 Marta Casanellas , Jesús Fernández-Sánchez , Marina Garrote-López

We explore a generating function trick which allows us to keep track of infinitely many statistics using finitely many variables, by recording their individual distributions rather than their joint distributions. Building on previous work…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-01 Sergi Elizalde

This paper revisits an adaptation of the random forest algorithm for Fr\'echet regression, addressing the challenge of regression in the context of random objects in metric spaces. Recognizing the limitations of previous approaches, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-30 Matthieu Bulté , Helle Sørensen

Tree-based priors for probability distributions are usually specified using a predetermined, data-independent collection of candidate recursive partitions of the sample space. To characterize an unknown target density in detail over the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Li Ma , Benedetta Bruni

Topological phylogenetic trees can be assigned edge weights in several natural ways, highlighting different aspects of the tree. Here the rooted triple and quartet metrizations are introduced, and applied to formulate novel fast methods of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-05-15 John A. Rhodes

Increasingly, statisticians are faced with the task of analyzing complex data that are non-Euclidean and specifically do not lie in a vector space. To address the need for statistical methods for such data, we introduce the concept of…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-05 Alexander Petersen , Hans-Georg Müller

It has been observed that the sample mean of certain probability distributions in Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann (BHV) phylogenetic spaces is confined to a lower-dimensional subspace for large enough sample size. This non-standard behavior has…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Lars Lammers , Do Tran Van , Tom M. W. Nye , Stephan F. Huckemann

Phylogenetics is now fundamental in life sciences, providing insights into the earliest branches of life and the origins and spread of epidemics. However, finding suitable phylogenies from the vast space of possible trees remains…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-24 Matthew J Penn , Neil Scheidwasser , Joseph Penn , Christl A Donnelly , David A Duchêne , Samir Bhatt

In order to use persistence diagrams as a true statistical tool, it would be very useful to have a good notion of mean and variance for a set of diagrams. In 2011, Mileyko and his collaborators made the first study of the properties of the…

A central part of geometric statistics is to compute the Fr\'echet mean. This is a well-known intrinsic mean on a Riemannian manifold that minimizes the sum of squared Riemannian distances from the mean point to all other data points. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-07 Frederik Möbius Rygaard , Søren Hauberg , Steen Markvorsen

A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species. Internal nodes of the tree represent speciation events and leaf nodes correspond to species. A goal of phylogenetics is to combine such trees into larger trees, called…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Neil C. A. Moore , Patrick Prosser

Fr\'echet means, conceptually appealing, generalize the Euclidean expectation to general metric spaces. We explore how well Fr\'echet means can be estimated from independent and identically distributed samples and uncover a fundamental…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-20 Shayan Hundrieser , Benjamin Eltzner , Stephan F. Huckemann

The probability that two randomly selected phylogenetic trees of the same size are isomorphic is found to be asymptotic to a decreasing exponential modulated by a polynomial factor. The number of symmetrical nodes in a random phylogenetic…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-01-07 Miklos Bona , Philippe Flajolet

Most phylogenetic analyses result in a sample of trees, but summarizing and visualizing these samples can be challenging. Consensus trees often provide limited information about a sample, and so methods such as consensus networks,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-09-03 Tom M. W. Nye