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To a closed braid in a solid torus we associate a trace graph in a thickened torus in such a way that closed braids are isotopic if and only if their trace graphs can be related by trihedral and tetraherdal moves. For closed braids with a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-08-21 T. Fiedler , V. Kurlin

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, its exact-distance square, $G^{[\sharp 2]}$, is the graph with vertex set $V$ and with an edge between vertices $x$ and $y$ if and only if $x$ and $y$ have distance (exactly) $2$ in $G$. The graph $G$ is an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-03 Yandong Bai , Pedro P. Cortés , Reza Naserasr , Daniel A. Quiroz

We formulate the notion of an isomorphism of GKM graphs. We then show that two GKM graphs have isomorphic graph equivariant cohomology algebras if and only if the graphs are isomorphic.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-12-30 Matthias Franz , Hitoshi Yamanaka

A block graph is a graph in which every block is a complete graph. Let $G$ be a block graph and let $A(G)$ be its (0,1)-adjacency matrix. Graph $G$ is called nonsingular (singular) if $A(G)$ is nonsingular (singular). Characterizing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Ranveer Singh , Naomi Shaked-Monderer , Avi Berman

In this paper, we present two main results. First, by only one conjecture (Conjecture 2.9) for recognizing a vertex symmetric graph, which is the hardest task for our problem, we construct an algorithm for finding an isomorphism between two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Caishi Fang

Given a finite connected simple graph $\Gamma$, and a subgroup $G$ of its automorphism group, a general method for finding all finite abelian regular coverings of $\Gamma$ that admit a lift of each element of $G$ is developed. As an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-27 Haimiao Chen , Hao Shen

Interval graphs are intersection graphs of closed intervals of the real-line. The well-known computational problem, called recognition, asks whether an input graph $G$ can be represented by closed intervals, i.e., whether $G$ is an interval…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-05-20 Pavel Klavík , Jan Kratochvíl , Yota Otachi , Toshiki Saitoh , Tomáš Vyskočil

A graph is closed when its vertices have a labeling by $[n]$ such that the binomial edge ideal $J_G$ has a quadratic Gr\"{o}bner basis with respect to the lexicographic order induced by $x_1 > \cdots > x_n > y_1> \cdots > y_n$. In this…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-08-30 Leila Sharifan , Masoumeh Javanbakht

We relate the graph isomorphism problem to the solvability of certain systems of linear equations with nonnegative variables. This version replaces the two previous versions of this paper.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-01-10 Shmuel Friedland

A graph is said to be globally rigid in $d$-dimensional space if almost all of its embeddings are unique up to isometries. If a graph has enough automorphisms to send any of its vertices into any other, then it is called vertex-transitive.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Angelo El Saliby

Interval and proper interval graphs are very well-known graph classes, for which there is a wide literature. As a consequence, some generalizations of interval graphs have been proposed, in which graphs in general are expressed in terms of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Flavia Bonomo-Braberman , Fabiano S. Oliveira , Moysés S. Sampaio , Jayme L. Szwarcfiter

We describe an algorithm that recognizes some (perhaps all) intrinsically knotted (IK) graphs, and can help find knotless embeddings for graphs that are not IK. The algorithm, implemented as a Mathematica program, has already been used by…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-10-10 Jonathan Miller , Ramin Naimi

We present the first parallel fixed-parameter algorithm for subgraph isomorphism in planar graphs, bounded-genus graphs, and, more generally, all minor-closed graphs of locally bounded treewidth. Our randomized low depth algorithm has a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Lukas Gianinazzi , Torsten Hoefler

We prove that every connected locally finite regular graph has a double cover which is isomorphic to a Schreier graph.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-21 Paul-Henry Leemann

We prove several cases of the Betti number conjecture for the binomial edge ideal $J_G$ of a proper interval graph $G$ (also known as closed graph). Namely, we show that this conjecture is true for the linear strand of $J_G$, and true in…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-12-01 Herolistra Baskoroputro

An explicit algorithm is presented for testing whether two non-directed graphs are isomorphic or not. It is shown that for a graph of n vertices, the number of n independent operations needed for the test is polynomial in n. A proof that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Moshe Schwartz

To date, the best circle graph recognition algorithm runs in almost linear time as it relies on a split decomposition algorithm that uses the union-find data-structure. We show that in the case of circle graphs, the PC-tree data-structure…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Christophe Paul , Ignaz Rutter

The fine 1-curve graph of a surface is a graph whose vertices are simple closed curves on the surface and whose edges connect vertices that intersect in at most one point. We show that the automorphism group of the fine 1-curve graph is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Katherine Williams Booth , Daniel Minahan , Roberta Shapiro

We introduce and study a generalization of conformal rigidity for graphs. A graph is $k$-conformally rigid if the uniform edge weights simultaneously maximize the sum of the $k$ smallest nontrivial Laplacian eigenvalues and minimize the sum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Henrique Assumpção , Gabriel Coutinho , Chris Godsil

We show that the groupoids of two directed graphs are isomorphic if and only if the two graphs are orbit equivalent by an orbit equivalence that preserves isolated eventually periodic points. We also give a complete description of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Toke Meier Carlsen , Marius Lie Winger