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Fine-tuned language models use greedy decoding to answer reading comprehension questions with relative success. However, this approach does not ensure that the answer is a span in the given passage, nor does it guarantee that it is the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Or Castel , Ori Ram , Avia Efrat , Omer Levy

Indexing highly repetitive collections has become a relevant problem with the emergence of large repositories of versioned documents, among other applications. These collections may reach huge sizes, but are formed mostly of documents that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Francisco Claude , Antonio Fariña , Miguel A. Martínez-Prieto , Gonzalo Navarro

An antidictionary code is a lossless compression algorithm using an antidictionary which is a set of minimal words that do not occur as substrings in an input string. The code was proposed by Crochemore et al. in 2000, and its asymptotic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Takahiro Ota , Hiroyoshi Morita

Grammar compression is a general compression framework in which a string $T$ of length $N$ is represented as a context-free grammar of size $n$ whose language contains only $T$. In this paper, we focus on studying the limitations of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rajat De , Dominik Kempa

Several modern applications involve huge graphs and require fast answers to reachability queries. In more than two decades since first proposals, several approaches have been presented adopting on-line searches, hop labelling or transitive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Nicolas Boria , Gianpiero Cabodi , Paolo Camurati , Marco Palena , Paolo Pasini , Stefano Quer

An LZ-like factorization of a string divides it into factors, each being either a single character or a copy of a preceding substring. While grammar-based compression schemes support efficient random access with space linear in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hiroki Shibata , Yuto Nakashima , Yutaro Yamaguchi , Shunsuke Inenaga

The pressing need for eficient compression schemes for XML documents has recently been focused on stack computation [6, 9], and in particular calls for a formulation of information-lossless stack or pushdown compressors that allows a formal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-09-17 Pilar Albert , Elvira Mayordomo , Philippe Moser , Sylvain Perifel

We propose a novel, lightweight supervised dictionary learning framework for text classification based on data compression and representation. This two-phase algorithm initially employs the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm to construct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Li Wan , Tansu Alpcan , Margreta Kuijper , Emanuele Viterbo

Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) factorization is a fundamental problem in string processing: Greedily partition a given string $T$ from left to right into blocks (called phrases) so that each phrase is either the leftmost occurrence of a letter or the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

The problem of convex optimization is studied. Usually in convex optimization the minimization is over a d-dimensional domain. Very often the convergence rate of an optimization algorithm depends on the dimension d. The algorithms studied…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-05 Vladimir Temlyakov

Despite consistently yielding the best compression on repetitive text collections, the Lempel-Ziv parsing has resisted all attempts at offering relevant guarantees on the cost to access an arbitrary symbol. This makes it less attractive for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Zsuzsanna Lipták , Francesco Masillo , Gonzalo Navarro

We present a new, simple, and efficient approach for computing the Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) factorization of a string in linear time, based on suffix arrays. Computational experiments on various data sets show that our approach constantly…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Keisuke Goto , Hideo Bannai

In this paper, we present the following results: (1) We propose a new \emph{dynamic compressed index} of $O(w)$ space, that supports searching for a pattern $P$ in the current text in $O(|P| f(M,w) + \log w \log |P| \log^* M (\log N + \log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Takaaki Nishimoto , I Tomohiro , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda

Various graphs such as web or social networks may contain up to trillions of edges. Compressing such datasets can accelerate graph processing by reducing the amount of I/O accesses and the pressure on the memory subsystem. Yet, selecting a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) provides a powerful and flexible means of encoding and exchanging data. As it turns out, its main advantage as an encoding format (namely, its requirement that all open and close markup tags are present…

Databases · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Gregory Leighton , Denilson Barbosa

We introduce the LZ penalty, a penalty specialized for reducing degenerate repetitions in autoregressive language models without loss of capability. The penalty is based on the codelengths in the LZ77 universal lossless compression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Antonio A. Ginart , Naveen Kodali , Jason Lee , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , John R. Emmons

In today's data-centric world, fast and effective compression of data is paramount. To measure success towards the second goal, Kempa and Prezza [STOC2018] introduce the string attractor, a combinatorial object unifying dictionary-based…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Philip Whittington

Given a string $S$ of length $n$, the classic string indexing problem is to preprocess $S$ into a compact data structure that supports efficient subsequent pattern queries. In this paper we consider the basic variant where the pattern is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Philip Bille , Inge Li Gørtz , Teresa Anna Steiner

We present an algorithm for searching regular expression matches in compressed text. The algorithm reports the number of matching lines in the uncompressed text in time linear in the size of its compressed version. We define efficient data…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Pierre Ganty , Pedro Valero

Phishing has grown significantly in the past few years and is predicted to further increase in the future. The dynamics of phishing introduce challenges in implementing a robust phishing detection system and selecting features which can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Rizka Purwanto , Arindam Pal , Alan Blair , Sanjay Jha