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While the particle-in-cell (PIC) method is quite mature, verification and validation of both newly developed methods and individual codes has largely focused on an idiosyncratic choice of a few test cases. Many of these test cases involve…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 S. O'Connor , Z. D. Crawford , J. Verboncoeur , J. Lugisland , B. Shanker

Recent advances in probabilistic modelling have led to a large number of simulation-based inference algorithms which do not require numerical evaluation of likelihoods. However, a public benchmark with appropriate performance metrics for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-12 Jan-Matthis Lueckmann , Jan Boelts , David S. Greenberg , Pedro J. Gonçalves , Jakob H. Macke

Simulating physical systems is a core component of scientific computing, encompassing a wide range of physical domains and applications. Recently, there has been a surge in data-driven methods to complement traditional numerical simulations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Karl Otness , Arvi Gjoka , Joan Bruna , Daniele Panozzo , Benjamin Peherstorfer , Teseo Schneider , Denis Zorin

As quantum computers grow in size and scope, a question of great importance is how best to benchmark performance. Here we define a set of characteristics that any benchmark should follow -- randomized, well-defined, holistic, device…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Mirko Amico , Helena Zhang , Petar Jurcevic , Lev S. Bishop , Paul Nation , Andrew Wack , David C. McKay

We introduce AppQSim, a benchmarking suite for quantum computers focused on applications of Hamiltonian simulation. We consider five different settings for which we define a precise task and score: condensed matter and material simulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Etienne Granet , Henrik Dreyer

Benchmark experiments are required to test, compare, tune, and understand optimization algorithms. Ideally, benchmark problems closely reflect real-world problem behavior. Yet, real-world problems are not always readily available for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Martin Zaefferer , Frederik Rehbach

Particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collisions (PIC/MCC) is a fully kinetic, particle based numerical simulation method with increasing popularity in the field of low temperature gas discharge physics. Already in its simplest form…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Mate Vass , Peter Palla , Peter Hartmann

The rapid pace of development in quantum computing technology has sparked a proliferation of benchmarks for assessing the performance of quantum computing hardware and software. Good benchmarks empower scientists, engineers, programmers,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Timothy Proctor , Kevin Young , Andrew D. Baczewski , Robin Blume-Kohout

A large number of wave modes exist in a magnetized plasma. Their properties are determined by the interaction of particles and waves. In a simulation code, the correct treatment of field quantities and particle behavior is essential to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-10-04 Patrick Kilian , Patricio A. Muñoz , Cedric Schreiner , Felix Spanier

Computational chemistry has become an important complement to experimental measurements. In order to choose among the multitude of the existing approximations, it is common to use benchmark data sets, and to issue recommendations based on…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 Andreas Savin , Pascal Pernot

Quantum processors are now able to run quantum circuits that are infeasible to simulate classically, creating a need for benchmarks that assess a quantum processor's rate of errors when running these circuits. Here, we introduce a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Jordan Hines , Timothy Proctor

Benchmarking is how the performance of a computing system is determined. Surprisingly, even for classical computers this is not a straightforward process. One must choose the appropriate benchmark and metrics to extract meaningful results.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-07 Salonik Resch , Ulya R. Karpuzcu

In the wake of the intense effort made for the experimental CILEX project, numerical simulation cam- paigns have been carried out in order to finalize the design of the facility and to identify optimal laser and plasma parameters. These…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-04-20 Arnaud Beck , Jacob Trier Frederiksen , Julien Dérouillat

This paper presents the benchmark score definitions of QPack, an application-oriented cross-platform benchmarking suite for quantum computers and simulators, which makes use of scalable Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Huub Donkers , Koen Mesman , Zaid Al-Ars , Matthias Möller

The paper provides a tutorial to the conceptual layout of a self-consistently coupled Particle-In-Cell/Test-Particle model for the kinetic simulation of sputtering transport in capacitively coupled plasmas at low gas pressures. It explains…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-11-27 Jan Trieschmann , Frederik Schmidt , Thomas Mussenbrock

Architectures for quantum computing can only be scaled up when they are accompanied by suitable benchmarking techniques. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the state and recommendations for systematic benchmarking of quantum…

Applying post selection in each step of an iterated protocol leads to sensitive quantum dynamics that may be utilized to test and benchmark current quantum computers. An example of this type of protocols was originally proposed for the task…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-10 Adrian Ortega , Orsolya Kálmán , Tamás Kiss

We present a framework that utilizes quantum algorithms, an architecture aware quantum noise model and an ideal simulator to benchmark quantum computers. The benchmark metrics highlight the difference between the quantum computer evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-20 Konstantinos Georgopoulos , Clive Emary , Paolo Zuliani

Rapid advances in quantum computing technology lead to an increasing need for software simulators that enable both algorithm design and the validation of results obtained from quantum hardware. This includes calculations that aim at probing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Amit Jamadagni , Andreas M. Läuchli , Cornelius Hempel
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