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The pursuit of ever more precise measures of time and frequency is likely to lead to the eventual redefinition of the second in terms of an optical atomic transition. To ensure continuity with the current definition, based on a microwave…

The advent of novel measurement instrumentation can lead to paradigm shifts in scientific research. Optical atomic clocks, due to their unprecedented stability and uncertainty, are already being used to test physical theories and herald a…

One of the fundamental limitations in photonics is the lack of a bidirectional transducer that can convert optical information into electronic signals or vice versa. In acoustics or at microwave frequencies, wave signals can be…

Optics · Physics 2019-08-28 Seungwoo Shin , KyeoReh Lee , YoonSeok Baek , YongKeun Park

Atomic frequency standards are used to generate accurate and precise time and frequency, enabling many communications, synchronization, and navigation systems in modern life. GPS and other satellite navigation systems, voice and data…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Bonnie L. Schmittberger , David R. Scherer

Today, wide-open, high-resolution Doppler frequency shift (DFS) estimation is essential for radar, microwave/millimeter-wave, and communication systems. Using photonics technology, an effective approach is proposed and experimentally…

Optics · Physics 2014-04-09 Xihua Zou , Wangzhe Li , Bing Lu , Wei Pan , Lianshan Yan , Liyang Shao

Achieving low-latency time-reversal of broadband radiofrequency signals is crucial for reliable communications in dynamic, uncontrolled environments. However, existing approaches are either digitally assisted -- making broadband extension…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-07 Thomas Llauze , Anne Louchet-Chauvet

Optical sensing schemes that rely on two-photon interference provide a powerful platform for precision metrology, although they are inherently constrained by a trade-off between dynamic range and measurement precision. To overcome this…

Atomic clocks are at the leading edge of accuracy and precision and are essential for synchronization of distributed critical infrastructure, position, navigation and timing, and scientific applications. There has been a breakthrough in the…

Numerous researchers have studied innovations in future sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications. Indeed, a critical issue that has emerged is to contend with society's insatiable demand for high data rates and massive 6G connectivity.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-28 Hong-Bae Jeon , Soo-Min Kim , Hyung-Joo Moon , Do-Hoon Kwon , Joon-Woo Lee , Jong-Moon Chung , Sang-Kook Han , Chan-Byoung Chae , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Diverse applications in photonics and microwave engineering require a means of measurement of the instantaneous frequency of a signal. A photonic implementation typically applies an interferometer equipped with three or more output ports to…

Two-way microwave-optical quantum transduction is essential to connecting distant superconducting qubits via optical fiber, and to enable quantum networking at a large scale. In Bl\'esin, Tian, Bhave, and Kippenberg's article, ``Quantum…

We present measurements of the frequency transfer stability and analysis of the noise characteristics of an optical signal propagating over aerial suspended fiber links up to 153.6 km in length. The measured frequency transfer stability…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-06-12 David Gozzard , Sascha Schediwy , Bruce Wallace , Romeo Gamatham , Keith Grainge

Improvements to dual-comb interferometers will benefit precision spectroscopy and sensing, distance metrology, tomography, telecommunications etc. A specific requirement of such interferometers is to enforce mutual coherence between the two…

Optics · Physics 2018-08-10 Zaijun Chen , Ming Yan , Theodor W. Hänsch , Nathalie Picqué

Context: Occultation experiments represent unique opportunities for probing remotely physical properties of atmospheres. The data processing requires one to properly account for refractivity while modeling the time/frequency transfers of an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-14 A. Bourgoin , M. Zannoni , L. Gomez Casajus , P. Tortora , P. Teyssandier

We demonstrate a remote microwave/radio-frequency (RF) transfer technique based on the stabilization of a fiber link using a fiber-loop optical-microwave phase detector (FLOM-PD). This method compensates for the excess phase fluctuations…

Photonic synthesis of radiofrequency revived the quest for unrivalled microwave purity by its seducing ability to convey the benefits of the optics to the microwave world. In this work, we perform a high-fidelity transfer of frequency…

Applications of satellite data in areas such as weather tracking and modeling, ecosystem monitoring, wildfire detection, and land-cover change are heavily dependent on the trade-offs to spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Thomas Vandal , Ramakrishna Nemani

According to general relativity theory (GRT), the clock at a position with lower geopotential ticks slower than an identical one at a position with higher geopotential. Here, we provide a geopotential comparison using a non-transportable…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-12-21 Peng Cheng , WenBin Shen , Xiao Sun , Chenghui Cai1 , Kuangchao Wu1 , Ziyu Shen

Given the extreme accuracy of modern space astrometry, a precise relativistic modeling of observations is required. Concerning light propagation, the standard procedure is the solution of the null-geodesic equations. However, another…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-26 Stefano Bertone , Olivier Minazzoli , Mariateresa Crosta , Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte , Alberto Vecchiato , Marie-Christine Angonin

We constructed a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock (with an estimated minimum systematic shift uncertainty of 1.3*10^(-17) and a stability of 5*10^(-15)/sqrt{tau} ) that can operate outside the laboratory. We transported it from the…