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How easy is it to uniquely identify a person based solely on their web browsing behavior? Here we show that when people navigate the Web, their online traces produce fingerprints that identify them. Merely the four most visited web domains…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Marcos Oliveira , Junran Yang , Daniel Griffiths , Denis Bonnay , Juhi Kulshrestha

Password managers provide significant security benefits to users. However, malicious client-side scripts and browser extensions can steal passwords after the manager has autofilled them into the web page. In this paper, we extend prior work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Anuj Gautam , Tarun Yadav , Garrett Smith , Kent Seamons , Scott Ruoti

Traffic analysis attacks to identify which web page a client is browsing, using only her packet metadata --- known as website fingerprinting --- has been proven effective in closed-world experiments against privacy technologies like Tor.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Tao Wang

Technology is advancing at an unprecedented pace. With the advent of cutting-edge technologies, keeping up with rapid changes are becoming increasingly challenging. In addition to that, increasing dependencies on the cloud technologies have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Rahul Singh , Yousuf Sultan , Tajmilur Rahman , Sri Vidya Puttareddygari

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks are used by local passive attackers to determine the destination of encrypted internet traffic by comparing the sequences of packets sent to and received by the user to a previously recorded data set. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-23 James K Holland , Nicholas Hopper

Analyzing users' Internet traffic data and activities has a certain impact on users' experiences in different ways, from maintaining the quality of service on the Internet and providing users with high-quality recommendation systems to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Aida Ramezani , Amirhossein Khajehpour , Mahdi Jafari Siavoshani

The World Wide Web's connectivity is greatly attributed to the HTTP protocol, with HTTP messages offering informative header fields that appeal to disciplines like web security and privacy, especially concerning web tracking. Despite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Wolf Rieder , Philip Raschke , Thomas Cory

Website fingerprinting attacks enable an adversary to infer which website a victim is visiting, even if the victim uses an encrypting proxy, such as Tor. Previous work has shown that all proposed defenses against website fingerprinting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-24 Xiang Cai , Rishab Nithyanand , Rob Johnson

We examine WebRTC's suitability as a means of Internet censorship circumvention. WebRTC is a framework and suite of protocols for peer-to-peer communication between web browsers. We analyze the implementation differences in instantiations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-31 David Fifield , Mia Gil Epner

We present XSnare, a fully client-side XSS solution, implemented as a Firefox extension. Our approach takes advantage of available previous knowledge of a web application's HTML template content, as well as the rich context available in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Jose Carlos Pazos , Jean-Sebastien Legare , Ivan Beschastnikh , William Aiello

As online tracking continues to grow, existing anti-tracking and fingerprinting detection techniques that require significant manual input must be augmented. Heuristic approaches to fingerprinting detection are precise but must be carefully…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Sarah Bird , Vikas Mishra , Steven Englehardt , Rob Willoughby , David Zeber , Walter Rudametkin , Martin Lopatka

Most modern web browsers today sacrifice optimal TLS security for backward compatibility. They apply coarse-grained TLS configurations that support (by default) legacy versions of the protocol that have known design weaknesses, and weak…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Eman Salem Alashwali , Kasper Rasmussen

A web browser should not be only for browsing web pages but also help users to find out their target websites and recommend similar type websites based on their behavior. Throughout this paper, we propose two methods to make a web browser…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Ashadullah Shawon , Syed Tauhid Zuhori , Firoz Mahmud , Md. Jamil-Ur Rahman

We demonstrate how the multitude of sensors on a smartphone can be used to construct a reliable hardware fingerprint of the phone. Such a fingerprint can be used to de-anonymize mobile devices as they connect to web sites, and as a second…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-08-08 Hristo Bojinov , Yan Michalevsky , Gabi Nakibly , Dan Boneh

Owing to the increase in 'certified' phishing websites, there is a steady increase in the number of phishing cases and general susceptibility to phishing. Trust mechanisms (e.g., HTTPS Lock Indicators, SSL Certificates) that help…

Prior measurement studies on browser fingerprinting have unfortunately largely excluded Web Audio API-based fingerprinting in their analysis. We address this issue by conducting the first systematic study of effectiveness of web audio…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Shekhar Chalise , Phani Vadrevu

Securing browsers in mobile devices is very challenging, because these browser apps usually provide browsing services to other apps in the same device. A malicious app installed in a device can potentially obtain sensitive information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Daoyuan Wu , Rocky K. C. Chang

Digital fingerprinting is a framework for marking media files, such as images, music, or movies, with user-specific signatures to deter illegal distribution. Multiple users can collude to produce a forgery that can potentially overcome a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-16 Dustin G. Mixon , Christopher J. Quinn , Negar Kiyavash , Matthew Fickus

Timing attacks have been a continuous threat to users' privacy in modern browsers. To mitigate such attacks, existing approaches, such as Tor Browser and Fermata, add jitters to the browser clock so that an attacker cannot accurately…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Yinzhi Cao , Zhanhao Chen , Song Li , Shujiang Wu

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is one of the major threats menacing the privacy of data and the navigation of trusted web applications. Since its reveal in late 1999 by Microsoft security engineers, several techniques have been developed in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Abdelhakim Hannousse , Salima Yahiouche , Mohamed Cherif Nait-Hamoud
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